WGU 220
Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) - Answer-The prescriber's decisions to
enter orders and immediately share the orders with appropriate health professionals
who execute the orders and departments that need to dispense, schedule, or
immediately deliver services to patients.
Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) - Answer-Supports healthcare practitioners in
making patient-care decisions by integrating patient data with current clinical
knowledge. CDSS is technology that provides recommendations for care and must be
balanced with professional judgment, not used in place of it.
Analytical Science - Answer-Uses a variety of methods and instruments to answer 2
basic questions: What do I have? How much of it do I have? Environment, pharmacy,
safety & security, fraud detection, and healthcare diagnostics.
Asynchronous Applications - Answer-Patient-centered and allows consumers to
participate in their own care by using designated health technology to share health
metrics and data with their healthcare provider via technology (remote patient-
monitoring - the use of devices to capture patient data at one location and then transmit
it electronically to healthcare professionals at a different location, allowing the review of
data for clinical decision-making, i.e. MobileHealth).
Audit Trails - Answer-Software that is used for detecting security violations,
performance problems, and flaws. Records activity by users and system. Goal is to
improve data integrity. Audit trails are only one of the ways to ensure data integrity. An
audit trail must contain the name of the user, the application triggering the audit, the
workstation, the specific document, a description of the event being audited, and the
date and time to determine the integrity of data.
Authentication - Answer-Action that verifies the authority of users to receive specified
data.
Barcode Medication Administration - Answer-MANDATED BY FDA
Benchmark - Answer-The continual process of measuring services and practices
against the toughest competitors in the healthcare industry. Comparing the performance
of an organization or clinician to others.
American Recover and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) - Answer-Authorized INCENTIVE
PAYMENTS to specific types of hospitals and healthcare professionals for adopting and
using interoperable Health Information Technology and EHR's. ARRA provides
economic stimuli and incentives for the adoption of EHRs.
,Big Data - Answer-Very large data sets that are beyond human capability to analyze or
manage without the aid of information technology. Big data is considered data
originating from very large data sets that help identify patterns and trends. Big data
cannot be managed without the use of technology to analyze its output.
Admission-Transfer-Discharge (ADT) System - Answer-Classified under the hospitals'
administrative info system. It's one of the foundational systems that allows operational
activities such as bed placement, transportation coordination, room readiness, and the
general coordination of services focused on the patient's phase of movement. Tracks a
patient's activities and location from admission to discharge.
Computer Literacy - Answer-Familiarity with the use of personal computers. Computer
literacy is defined as the knowledge and ability to use computers and technology
efficiently. Computer literacy allows patients to interact with the internet.
Confidentiality - Answer-Unspoken understanding that private information shared in a
situation, in which a relationship has been established for the purpose of treatment or
delivery of services will remain protected.
Configurability - Answer-Refers to the extent that a given software product can be
adapted or changed to meet a user's preference.
Connected Health - Answer-Model or platform by which technology assisted healthcare
is delivered between at least two points, involving either synchronous or asynchronous
exchange.
Consolidated-Clinical Document Architecture (C-CDA) - Answer-Allows interoperability
of health information exchange between hospital systems.
Consumer Health Informatics (CHI) - Answer-Use of electronic information and
communication to improve medical outcomes and health-care decision making from the
patient/consumer perspective. Three barriers include: Privacy issues, cognitive
disabilities, low health literacy. Five examples: Personal Health Records, Telehealth,
Mobile Health, Games for Health, and Health 2.0. Telehealth is defined as healthcare at
a distance through the use of technology that connects the patient and the clinician in
real time.
Continuity of Care Record (CCD) - Answer-Snapshot of a person's health and
healthcare to a provider who does not have access to the person's EHR.
Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) - Answer-Primary
database used for nursing literature.
, Data - Answer-Collection of numbers, characters, or facts that are gathered according
to some perceived need for analysis.
Data Analysis - Answer-The processing of data that identify trends and patterns of
relationships.
Data Information Knowledge Wisdom (DIKW) Framework - Answer-Data are the most
discrete components of the DIKW framework. They are mostly presented as discrete
observations with little interpretation. Information is a continuum of progressively
developing and clustered data. Relations and interactions are not yet evident in
information alone. Knowledge is information that is processed and organized so that
relations and interactions are identified. Wisdom is an appropriate use of knowledge to
manage and solve human problems. Wisdom includes ethics or knowing why certain
things or procedures should or should not be implemented in specific cases.
Data Integrity - Answer-Ability to collect, store, and retrieve correct, complete, and
current data so that the data are available to authorized users when needed. Can be
compromised by incorrect entry of information, data tampering, and system failure.
Prevention by implementing security measures and audit trails. Data integrity is the
state wherein data are uncorrupted, accurate, and valid.
Data Mining - Answer-Technique that look for hidden patterns and relationships in large
groups of data using software.
Data Scrubbing - Answer-Data scrubbing is the process by which incorrect, incomplete,
duplicate, or improperly formatted items are removed using special software designated
for this purpose.
Data Warehouse - Provides a powerful method of managing and analyzing data
Decision Support Tool / Clinician Decision Support (CDS) / Decision Support
System/Software (DDS) - Answer-Software/app to help in the human decision process.
The software will look at the patient's data and suggest appropriate medical/nursing
interventions. It can also trigger prompts/alerts to the user. Requires human user input.
Decreases patient safety risk and increases positive patient outcomes (ex: alerts for
abnormal vitals, lab results, medication contraindications, etc.) The right components of
a CDS include a trigger, such as a medication order; input data, such as lab values;
intervention information, such as other options provided; and an action step, such as the
action selected by the clinician.
Electronic Health Record (EHR) - Answer-A database of an individual's healthcare data
during healthcare encounters. It's comprised of any patient data stored in electronic
form.
Electronic Medical Record (EMR) - Answer-Legal record created in hospitals and
ambulatory settings of a single encounter or visit that is the source of data for the
