NSG 229 test 3 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Action potential
when the action potential reaches a conduction point, if it isn't working, the action simply
moves on to the next place, still follows the plan - answer✔electrical impulse
cardiac output - answer✔the amount of blood ejected from each ventricle every minute
stroke volxHR=
if Heart is beating 100bpm, multiple stroke vol by 100.
stroke volume - answer✔the amount of blood ejected from each ventricle each beat
depolarization - answer✔contraction "squeezing"
occurs during systole; blood is ejected and chamber empties
Repolarization - answer✔relaxation
occurs during diastole; blood returns and chamber fills
SA node
can take out this part and the heart will still work; with meds/therapy/procedures. -
answer✔conduction begins at the ____. "the pacemaker of the heart" the arrival of the action
potential should cause the atrium to contract.
this contraction is represented as the P wave.
the action potential moving through the atrium - answer✔cannot be sinus without a ___ wave
AV node - answer✔the action potential moves from SA node to the ____, causing another
depolarization (squeeze). This helps completely empty the atrium.
P wave and the beginning of the QRS complex
known as the PR interval - answer✔there is a conduction delay through the AV node. this
accounts for the pause between the ___ and the beginning of the ______.
PR interval - answer✔tells us how long it takes for the action potential to move through the
atrium from beginning to end. "delay"
Systolic
measured from the R wave through the T wave - answer✔the pressure inside the vessels during
the activity, the firing of SA node, the depolarization & repolarization of the atrium, that
pressure is the ____ number.
Diastolic
more concerned if this number is higher - answer✔____ pressure is measured between beats,
when the heart is resting. it represents atrial depolarization (squeeze and empty) and the
beginning of atrial reploarization (rest and refill)
Bundle of His - answer✔once the action potential has moved through the AV node it moves
through the ______, which eventually splits and becomes the Left Bundle Branch and the Right
Bundle Branch.
ears nose fingers toes & hose (penis)
causes vasoconstriction = necrosis - answer✔where are the places you cant put epinephrine?
this area is the last chance for the action potential to move blood from that ventricle. -
answer✔the action potential moved through the atrium, to the Bundle of His and through the
L&R Bundle branches. the next stop is:
S segment - answer✔the action potential depolarizing the Purkinje Fibers is represented on the
EKG as the:
QRS complex - answer✔represents the action potential moving through the ventricles.
represents ventricular depolarization (squeeze) and we know the greater the squeeze, the
greater the stroke volume and the greater the cardiac output.
resting, refilling, repolarizing - answer✔if the action potential is in the ventricles then it isn't in
the atrium, which means the atrium is:
T wave - answer✔ventricular repolarization (resting & refilling) is represented on the EKG by:
T wave & P wave - answer✔the time it takes the action potential to move from the Purkinje
Fibers back to the Atrium is represented on the EKG by the:
blood pressure - answer✔how do we measure the quality of depolarization (squeeze) ?
Left and Right Bundle Branches - answer✔the pressure is greatest when the action potential
has the greatest number conduction points responding.
So, the pressure is greatest when the action bundle reaches the:
-AV node is repolarizing
-Bundle of His is repolarizing
-SA node has depolarized and repolarized and is ready for another action potential
-Purkinje Fibers on ready for depolarization
S1 sound "lub" - answer✔_____ is associated with closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves, we
know the depolarization of the SA node opens the valve and the depolarization of the atrium.
also signals the beginning of Systole, because this is when pressure is greatest
R segment
at this point, the conduction pathway in the atrium is empty and the ventricles have filled. the
valves close to prevent regurgitation back into the atrium. - answer✔where on the EKG would
you expect to hear S1?
in other words, during what portion of the action potential do the tricuspid and mitral valves
close?
S2 sound "dub" - answer✔associated with the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves and
signals the beginning of diastole.
can be heard following the T wave, when everything has depolarized and chambers are empty
preload - answer✔the amount of blood left in the ventricle after depolarization "squeeze" (also
the same time diastole ends)
-minimal pressure
-should be minimal blood volume
determines the amount of stretch paced on the myocardial fibers
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