CompTIA A+ 220-1101 Core 1 Certification
Study *Q&A* (100% Correct) 2025/2026
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Firewalls
Filters network traffic at various layers, such as by TCP/UDP port numbers (OSI Layer 4).
Some firewalls can provide application-level filtering capabilities.
PoE (Power over Ethernet)...
Filters network traffic at various layers, such as by TCP/UDP port numbers (OSI Layer 4).
Some firewalls can provide application-level filtering capabilities.
PoE (Power over Ethernet)
Transfers electrical power and data over standard twisted-pair Ethernet cables.
Commonly used for devices like security cameras and VoIP phones.
Modem
Cable modems utilize DOCSIS (Data over Cable Service Interface Specification) technology to provide
broadband connectivity.
DSL modems use ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) technology, offering higher download
than upload speeds.
ONT (Optical Network Terminal)
A component for fiber-to-home installations that transitions from ISP fiber to in-home wiring.
Marks the demarcation point where in-home copper wiring connects to the ISP's fiber line.
NIC (Network Interface Card)
Enables a computer to connect and communicate within a network.
May require driver installation before use.
802.11 Types
Wireless standard offering different frequencies and data speeds.
1
, 802.11n supports both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequencies with speeds up to 600 Mbps.
DNS Server
Resolves domain names to their respective IP addresses.
Managed by ISPs or internal IT departments.
DHCP Server
Provides IP addresses to network clients via leasing mechanisms.
Example range: 192.168.1.2 through 192.168.1.254.
File Server
Centralized location for storing and managing files for network access.
Supports protocols such as SMB (Server Message Block) and AFP (Apple Filing Protocol).
Print Server
Connects printers to a network and offers print services to network devices.
May use IPP (Internet Printing Protocol) for communication.
Mail Server
Facilitates email communication by storing and transferring messages.
Ensures email delivery between devices.
Syslog Server
Central repository for collecting and storing logs from network devices.
Can provide centralized monitoring of events.
Web Server
Stores and delivers webpages upon request using standard web protocols.
2
, Handles web traffic through protocols like HTTPS.
Authentication Server
Manages access permissions for network users and services.
Designed for redundancy to ensure continuous operation.
Spam Gateway
Screens incoming email for potential spam and unwanted messages.
Inspects and filters messages to block spam.
UTM Gateway (Unified Threat Management Gateway)
Combines multiple security functions into a single device.
Includes URL filtering, firewall capabilities, and VPN endpoints.
Load Balancer
Distributes incoming network traffic across multiple servers.
Ensures high availability even if some servers are down.
Proxy Server
Intermediary server between users and the internet for security and caching.
Filters and scans URLs for security purposes.
SCADA / ICS (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition / Industrial Control System)
Manages industrial processes on a large scale with stringent security measures.
Requires elevated access due to complexity and cost.
IoT (Internet of Things)
Connects smart devices like thermostats and smart locks for convenience and control.
3
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