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UNE Biochemistry Week 1 Exam Questions and Answers
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UNE Biochemistry Week 1 Exam Questions and Answers
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UNE Biochemistry Week 1 ExamQuestions and Answers
primary structure - Answers -linear sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chain
amino terminus (N-terminus) to the carboxyl terminus (C-terminus) - Answers -primary
structures are written from the _______________ to the ______________
alpha helices, beta pleated sheets, and bends/turns/or loops - Answers -what are the
types of secondary structures
alpha helix (secondary structure) - Answers -formed when the carbonyl group of peptide
bond forms a hydrogen bond with the amide nitrogen of another peptide bond four
amino acids down the polypeptide chain (what kind of structure is this?)
the peptide backbone is formed by hydrogen bonds (alpha helix structure) - Answers -
the ________ _______ is formed by __________ ___________ between each carbonyl
oxygen atom and the amide hydrogen located 4 residues down the chain. This unique
bonding sequence results in a structure that is highly compact and rigid.
alpha helices - Answers -comprises about a third of all secondary structures
proline and "kink" - Answers -____ is not typically found in these structures as it forms a
non-traditional peptide bond and adds a "___" in the helix
beta sheets are formed when beta strands are connected laterally (etc.) - Answers -are
formed when _______ strands are connected laterally by at least two or three backbone
hydrogen bonds
hydrogen bonds and NH groups - Answers -the beta strands are connected horizontally
by ___________ bonds formed between C=O groups of either strand and _____ groups
of either strand
R groups - Answers -the _____ ________ always protrude to the top or bottom
hydrophilic and a hydrophobic side - Answers -depending on the R groups on the sides
of the beta, the sheet may have a ________ and a _________ side.
exposed on the surface of the protein to the polar H2O solvent - Answers -for beta
pleated sheets that have two sides, the hydrophilic side will be exposed where and to
what?
, will be buried in the protein and only RARELY exposed to the polar H2O solvent -
Answers -for beta pleated sheets that have two sides, the hydrophobic side will be
where? is it ever exposed to the H2O solvent?
supersecondary structures - Answers -tertiary structures can also be called what?
tertiary structure - Answers -the total 3D conformation of an entire polypeptide chain
including interactions between alpha-helices, beta-sheets, and any other loops, turns, or
bends
bends, turns, or loops - Answers -short stretches/areas of the polypeptide chain form
these structures that are stabilized by hydrogen bonds (these are not random)
rossman fold - Answers -give an example of a tertiary structure
structural domains - Answers -defined as a section of protein sufficient to perform a
particular chemical or physical task
domains - Answers -defined regions with specific function that are conserved in function
and sequence across other proteins
motifs - Answers -common arrangements of secondary structures to generate a tertiary
arrangement
quaternary structure - Answers -a combination of two or more tertiary subunits that work
together as one functioning unit
homologous proteins - Answers -proteins that have similar primary sequences and
functions
myoglobin and hemoglobin - Answers -example of homologous proteins
both bind oxygen - Answers -what is the function that makes myoglobin and hemoglobin
"homologous"?
hemoglobin travels in the blood inside a red blood cell to deliver oxygen to tissues -
Answers -hemoglobin travels where? what is its purpose?
myoglobin remains in the heart and skeletal muscle cells to bind oxygen released by
hemoglobin - Answers -myoglobin is where? what is its purpose?
myoglobin - Answers -a monomer that has 8 alpha-helices linked together by alpha-
turns
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