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ANT 2100 Introduction to Archaeology Final FSU Mehta Questions And Answers
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ANT 2100 Introduction to Archaeology Final FSU Mehta Questions And Answers What was Potlatch? A ceremonial feast practiced by the North American Indian peoples of the northwest coast where possessions are given away or destroyed to display wealth or enhance prestige. For political, religious...

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ANT 2100 Introduction to Archaeology Final
FSU Mehta Questions And Answers

What was Potlatch? A ceremonial feast practiced by the North American Indian peoples of

the northwest coast where possessions are given away or destroyed to display wealth or enhance

prestige. For political, religious, social prestige.




What becomes an integral part of the economy as societies change from egalitarian bands to

ranked societies? The formal trade of exotics becomes an integral part of the economy




Human societies create two main types of trade systems: Direct acquisition


Down-the-line trade




Direct acquisition 1. You go to the natural source of a raw material.


2. Extract the material.

3. Exchange goods or services for it or receive an artifact or raw material as a gift.




Down-the-line trade 1. People acquire a raw material from people who have immediate

access to it.

2. These people trade it to others who live farther away from the source.

,ANT 2100 Introduction to Archaeology Final
FSU Mehta Questions And Answers
3. They may in turn trade it to people living even farther away.




Who were the Mound Builders (Mississippian Culture)? -The various cultures collectively

termed "Mound Builders" were inhabitants of eastern United States AD 800-1500 constructed

various styles of earthen mounds for religious, ceremonial, burial, and elite residential purposes.

-Mississippian societies engaged in intensive village-based maize horticulture

-village-based




What is Cahokia? A Mound Builder city close to modern day St. Louis, Missouri.


-3.5 square miles

-80 mounds

-was 6 square miles

-had 120 mounds




What are the Carson Mounds (Carson Site,Carson-Montgomery)? -A large Mississippian

culture archaeological site located near Clarksdale, Mississippi in the Yazoo Basin.

-Only a few large earthen mounds are still present at Carson to this day.

,ANT 2100 Introduction to Archaeology Final
FSU Mehta Questions And Answers
What mound sites should you know? -Cahokia


-Carson Mounds

-Moundville




What is chert? -The single most important and widely used stone in nearly every part of

the world was chert, also known as flint

-Artifacts of chert excavated in an archaeological context are invaluable to archaeologists; they

are often the only surviving source of information about prehistoric cultures.




What is lithic? of the nature of or relating to stone




Burlington Chert Burlington Chert is not geologically from Carson, but it was found there.

This indicated there were large networks and it was brought from very far away.




Residential v. nonresidential groups -Residential groups appear in the archaeological

record as households and villages.

-Nonresidential groups are manifested archaeologically through the use of symbols, ceremonies,

mythologies, or insignias of membership.

, ANT 2100 Introduction to Archaeology Final
FSU Mehta Questions And Answers

4 broad areas of human social and political behavior -gender


-kinship

-social status

-trade




Moundville, Alabama AD 1000-1450 -one of the best known ceremonial centers, having

30 earthen mounds, it was a bustling ritual center

-large amounts of exotic material

-inequality




reciprocity -non-market exchange of goods or labour ranging from direct barter

(immediate exchange) to forms of gift exchange where a return is eventually expected (delayed

exchange) as in the exchange of birthday gifts.

-When the exchange is immediate, as in barter, it does not create a social relationship.

-When the exchange is delayed, it creates both a relationship as well as an obligation for a return

(i.e. debt).

-Hence, some forms of reciprocity can establish hierarchy if the debt is not repaid.

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