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NSG 501 EXAM 2 MATERIAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED

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NSG 501 EXAM 2 MATERIAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Oxygen is needed to sustain a life what is needed to sustain a life Oxygen blood is oxygenated through ventilation, perfusion, and transport of respiratory gases cardiopulmonary system Body system that includes t...

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  • November 20, 2024
  • 58
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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NSG 501 EXAM 2 MATERIAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH

COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED

Oxygen is

needed to sustain a life

what is needed to sustain a life

Oxygen

blood is oxygenated through

ventilation, perfusion, and transport of respiratory gases

cardiopulmonary system

Body system that includes the heart, lungs, airways, and blood vessels

what does the cardiopulmonary system do?

function to provide and deliver oxygen to the tissues and to remove carbon dioxide from

the body

neural and chemical regulators control

the rate and depth of respiration in response to changing tissue oxygen demands

the rate and depth of respiration in response to changing tissue oxygen demands

is controlled by

neural and chemical regulators

cardiovascular system provides

the transport mechanisms to distribute oxygen to cells and tissues of the body

the exchange of respiratory gases occurs between

environment and blood

,respiration is the exchange of

oxygen and carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism

the airways of the lung transfer oxygen from

atmosphere to the alveoli, where the oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide.

through the alveolar capillary membrane, O2 transfers to the __, and CO2

transfers from the blood to the ____

blood, alveoli

cardiopulmonary physiology involves the

delivery of deoxygenated blood (blood high in CO2 and low in O2) to the right side of

the heart and then to the lungs, where it is oxygenated.

oxygenated blood (high in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide) travels from the

lungs to the

left side of the heart and the tissues

Hyperventilation signs

rapid respirations, sighing breaths, numbness and tingling of hands/feet, light-

headedness, and loss of consciousness

hypoventilation signs

mental status changes, dysrhythmias, and potential cardiac arrest. If untreated, the

patient's status rapidly declines, leading to convulsions, unconsciousness, and death

Hypoxia signs

apprehension, restlessness (often an early sign), inability to concentrate, decreased

level of consciousness, dizziness, and behavioral changes

Myocardial ischemia

,can damage the cardiac muscle, thereby decreasing cardiac output, which leads to

decreased oxygen delivery to the tissues

Decreased hemoglobin levels

alter the patient's ability to transport oxygen

What physical manifestations occur with alterations in oxygenation?

presence of cough and/or secretions, fatigue, dyspnea, wheezing, chest pain, oxygen

saturation, vital signs, and signs of respiratory infection. In addition, assess for signs of

chronic hypoxemia, such as clubbed fingers or barrel chest

common premature infant respiratory problems

respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, RSV

premature infant respiratory problems are because of

lacking surfactant

common infant/toddler respiratory problems

risk for URI, obstructions



usually recover easily

common school age children/adolescents respiratory problems

respiratory risk factors related to 2nd hand smoke exposure, obesity/bad eating habits,

tobacco/vaping

common young/middle age adults respiratory problems

risk factors- diet, lack of exercise, stress, caffeine, smoking

common pregnancy respiratory problems

significant changes to cardiorespiratory system; dyspnea on exertion, fatigue

, common older adults respiratory problems

significant changes to heart and lungs due to normal aging, flu and pneumonia risk

increased

poor nutrition effects on respiratory system

respiratory muscle wasting, muscle weakness, cough inefficiency

why does poor nutrition cause muscle wasting

Inadequate nutrition can result in a lack of essential nutrients necessary for muscle

maintenance and growth

why does poor nutrition cause muscle weakness and cough insufficiency

Insufficient intake of protein and essential nutrients can weaken muscles and therefore

weaken the diaphragm/intercostal muscles which are involved in coughing

obesity effects on respiratory system

Reduced lung volume, Reduced lung compliance, Increased risk of sleep apnea,

Increased risk of asthma

iron deficiency effects on respiratory system

poor oxygenation at the tissue level

fluid is needed for

cellular health

fluid overload effects on respiratory system

pulmonary edema, decreased lung compliance, increased work of breathing

fluid volume overload effects on body can lead to

renal or cardiac fluid overload

fluid volume deficit effects on respiratory system

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