ERHS 430 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
Health - ANSWERSThe combination of physical, mental/emotional, and social well-being OR absence of disease OR ability to adapt to one's enviornment
Individual Health - ANSWERSPhysical and Emotional state of well-being - may be a reflection of t...
Health - ANSWERSThe combination of physical, mental/emotional, and social well-being OR absence of
disease OR ability to adapt to one's enviornment
Individual Health - ANSWERSPhysical and Emotional state of well-being - may be a reflection of the
environment
Public Health - ANSWERSthe practice of protecting and improving the health of people in a community -
largely aimed at preventative measures
Population Health - ANSWERSthe health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of
such outcomes within the group
One Health - ANSWERSCombination of Human, Animal & enviornmental health, largely focused on
infectious disease and can be local, national or global
Health Outcomes - ANSWERSMortality and General Health Status
Health Determinants - ANSWERSAccess to health care, health behaviors, socioeconomic factors, the
physical enviornment
DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) - ANSWERSA measure of burden of disease, one DALY equals one
year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.
Incidence - ANSWERSThe number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time.
(10 cases per year)
, Prevalence - ANSWERSThe number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in
a population at a given time. (30% obesity)
Epidemiology - ANSWERSThe study of the distribution (frequency, patterns) and determinants (causes,
risk- factors) of a disease
sentinel surveillance - ANSWERSA surveillance system in which a pre-arranged sample of reporting
sources agrees to report all cases of one or more notifiable conditions.
Serological surveillance - ANSWERSstarts with the use of serology tests in people selected from a
population. A blood sample is collected, and the serology test is used to look for antibodies in the blood
sample.
Etiological Agent Surveillance - ANSWERSLooking for and tracking issue that is causing disease
passive surveillance - ANSWERSmore common form of surveillance used by most local and state health
departments; health care providers report notifiable conditions
active surveillance - ANSWERSdata actively collected, more specific objective, information-gathering
tools (questionnaires etc), more useful in epidemiological research than passive.
West Nile Virus - ANSWERSA virus that lives in hundreds of species of birds and is transmitted among
birds by mosquitoes. Birds contain a large amount of virus right before death. Lethal for certain fraction
of humans and horses but won't infect feeding mosquito
diagnostic testing - ANSWERSused to determine a specific disease condition or possible illness -
serological testing (antibodies) or pathogen detection
Specificity - ANSWERSIf person does not have disease, how often will test be negative (true negative
rate)
Sensitivity - ANSWERSIf person does have disease, how often will test be positive (true positive rate)
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