Psychology - ANSWER The science of behavior and mental processes
Hypothesis - ANSWER A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Correlation - ANSWER A measure of the extent to which two factors vary
together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other.
Biopsychosocial Approach - ANSWER An integrated approach that
incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis
Hindsight Bias - ANSWER The tendency to believe, after learning an
outcome, that one would have foreseen it. Also known at the I-Knew-it-all-
along-phenomenon.
Theories - ANSWER An explanation using an integrated set of principles that
organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events.
Developmental Psychology - ANSWER A branch of psychology that studies
physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
Accomodation (Piaget) - ANSWER In Piaget's theory, the modification of
existing mental patterns to fit new demands, (that is, mental schemes are
changed to accomodate new information or experiences).
, Attachment - ANSWER An emotional tie with another person; shown in
young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress
on separation.
Consciousness - ANSWER Our awareness of ourselves and our environment
Manifest Content - ANSWER According to Freud, the remembered story line
of a dream, as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content.
Latent Content - ANSWER According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a
dream, as distinct from its manifest content.
Fluid Intelligence - ANSWER Our ability to reason speedily and abstractly;
tends to decrease during late adulthood.
Perception - ANSWER The process of organizing and interpreting sensory
information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.
Young-Helmholtz Theory - ANSWER The theory that the retina contains three
different color receptors--one most sensitive to red, one to greeen, one to blue--
which combined can produce the perception of any color.
Sensory Adaptation - ANSWER Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of
constant stimulation
Bottom-up Processing - ANSWER Analysis that begins with the sensory
receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information
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