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MTEL Early Childhood exam questions with complete solutions 2024.
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MTEL Early Childhood exam questions with complete solutions 2024.
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MTEL Early Childhood exam questionswith complete solutions 2024
Piaget k- kANS✓✓-Swiss kpsychologist kremembered kfor khis kstudies kof
kcognitive kdevelopment kin kchildren k(1896-1980)
schemas kand kfeatures kof k- kANS✓✓-Piaget. kPsychological kstructures kthat
kpresent kan korganized kway kof kmaking ksense kof kexperiences
Adaptation- kbuilding kschemas kthrough kinteraction kwith kenvironment. kCan
kadapt kby:
Assimilation kuses kcurrent kschemas kto kunderstand kthe kworld
Accommodation kcreates knew kschemas kor kadjusts kexisting kones.
(Equilibrium=no kchange)
Organization ktakes kplace kinternally, kchildren krearrange/change kschematic
kstructures kto kcreate kinterconnected kcognitive ksystem.
Piaget kstages kof kdevelopment k- kANS✓✓-1. ksensorimotor k(0-2 kyears)- kinfants
kthink kby kinteracting kwith kthe kworld kthrough ktheir ksenses
2. kpreoperational k(2-7) k- kuse ksymbols kto krepresent ktheir kearlier ksensorimotor
kdiscoveries. klanguage, kmake-believe kplay
3. kconcrete kobservational k(7-11) k- kreasoning kbecomes klogical, knon-abstract
4. kformal koperations k(11 kup) k- ksophisticated, khypothetical kand kabstract
kthinking
Erikson k- kANS✓✓-Follower kof kFreud
Stages ko kPsychosocial kDevelopment; kfocuses kon kquestion kof kidentity,
kemphasizes krole kof ksociety kin kdevelopment kand kpersonality kformation
-Infant k(birth-1 kyear)= kTrust kv kMistrust
-Toddler k(1-3) k= kAutonomy kv kShame/Doubt
-Pre-school k(3-6) k= kInitiative kv kGuilt
-School-age k(6-12) k= kIndustry kv kInferiority
-Adolescent k(12-19) k= kIdentity kv kRole kConfusion
- kIntimacy kv kIsolation
- kGenerativity kv kStagnation
- kEgo kIntegrity kv kDespair
Kohlburg k- kANS✓✓-Extension kon kPiaget's kTheory,
Stages kof kMoral kDevelopment
Preconventional kLevel k(up kto kage knine):
1. kobedience/punishment k(avoid kpunishment)
,2. kself-interest k(whats kin kit kfor kme?)
Conventional kLevel k(age knine kto kadolescence):
Other kFocused kMorality
3. kinterpersonal kaccord/conformity k(good kboy)
4. kauthority/social korder kmainenance k(societal klaws)
Postconventional kLevel k(adulthood):
Higher kFocused kMorality k
5. ksocial kcontract k(laws/rules kflexible, kfluid)
6. kuniversal kethical kprinciples
Bronfenbrenner k- kANS✓✓-Ecological kSystems kTheory: kchild kdevelops kwithin
ka kcomplex ksystem kof krelationships kaffected kby kmultiple klevels kof kthe
ksurrounding kenvironment.
Co-founder kof kHead kStart
Microsystem k- kfamily, kclassroom, kneighborhood
Mesosystem k- kconnections kbetween k2+ ksocial ksettings
Exosystem k- kimportant kexternal ksocial kforces
Macrosystem k- kpervasive ksociocultural ksystems
Vygotsky k- kANS✓✓-Socialcultural kTheory kof kCognitive kDevelopment k- k
Cognitive kdevelopment kas ka ksocially kmediated kprocess kwhere kadult ksupport
k(called kscaffolding) khelps kchildren kmaster kskills kthey kcan't kdo kon ktheir kown.
1. kIndependent kwork
2. kZone kof kProximal kDevelopment k(ZDP)
3. kOut kof kreach
Howard kGardner k- kANS✓✓-Theory kof kMultiple kIntelligences k(MI) kin khis kbook
kFrames kof kMind. kClaimed kthat kpencil kand kpaper kIQ ktests kdo knot kcapture
kthe kfull krange kof khuman kintelligences, kand kthat kwe kall khave kindividual
kprofiles kof kstrengths kand kweaknesses kacross kmultiple kintelligence
kdimensions.
- kLinguistic; kwords, kreading, kwriting
- kLogical/mathematical; kpatterns, krelationships, kbest ktaught kthrough klogic
kgames, kriddles, kconcepts kfirst kdetails klater
- kBodily/kinesthetic; ktaught kthrough kphysical kactivity, khands-on, kacting
- kMusical; ktaught kwith klyrics, krhythms
- kSpatial/visual; ktaught kthrough kdrawings, kverbal kimagery
- kInterpersonal k(the kability kto kunderstand kothers); klearning kthrough kdialogue,
kdiscussion
- kIntrapersonal k(the kability kto kunderstand koneself); klearning kthrough
kindependent kstudy, kintrospection
- kNaturalist k(the kability kto krecognize kfine kdistinctions kand kpatterns kin kthe
knatural kworld)
, Margaret kMahler k- kANS✓✓-Separation-Individuation kTheory
1. kAutistic kphase k0-2mo, kequilibrium kwith kenvironment
2. kSymbiotic kphase k1-5mo, ksocial ksmile, kdim kawareness kof kcaretaker
3. kSeparation-Individuation kphase k5-36mo
- kdifferentiation kfrom kmother
- kpracticing klocomotion
- kreapproachment k(awareness kof kphysical kseparateness)
- kobject kconstancy k(comfort kat kmoms kabsence, kknowledge kshe kwill kreturn)
Developmental kDelay k- kANS✓✓-Term koften kused kto kencompass ka kvariety kof
kdisabilities kof kinfants kor kyoung kchildren kindicating kthat kthey kare
ksignificantly kbehind kthe knorm kfor kdevelopment kin kone kor kmore kareas ksuch
kas kmotor, kcognitive, kor klanguage
Dyslexia k- kANS✓✓-Learning kdisability kcharacterized kby ksubstandard kreading
kachievement kdue kto kthe kinability kof kthe kbrain kto kprocess ksymbols; kalso
kknown kas ka kdevelopmental kreading kdisorder
Dyscalculia k- kANS✓✓-Also kknown kas kdevelopmental karithmetic kdisorder; ka
klearning kdisability kthat kinvolves kdifficulty kin kmath kcomputation.
Dysgraphia k- kANS✓✓-Learning kdisability kcharacterized kby kdifficulties kwith
kwriting, kincluding ktrouble kwith kspelling, khandwriting, kor kexpressing kthoughts
kon kpaper
Dyspraxia k- kANS✓✓-Inability kto kperform kcoordinated kmovements kdespite
knormal kfunction kof kthe kcentral kand kperipheral knervous ksystems kand
kmuscles
Executive kFunctioning k- kANS✓✓-Cognitive kprocesses kincluding kplanning,
kmaking kdecisions, kimplementing kstrategies, kinhibiting kinappropriate
kbehaviors, kand kusing kworking kmemory kto kprocess kinformation
Non-verbal klearning kdisability k- kANS✓✓-People kwith kthis kdisability kmay
kmisunderstand knon-verbal kcommunications, kor kunderstand kthe
kcommunications kbut kbe kunable kto kformulate kan kappropriate kresponse. kEye
kcontact kcan kalso kbe kdifficult kfor kpeople kwith kNLD, keither kbecause kthey kare
kuncomfortable kwith kmaintaining kit kor kbecause kthey kdo knot kremember kthat
kothers kexpect kit. kKnowing kwhen kand khow kto kuse kphysical kcontact kand
krecognizing kemotions kin kothers kand kexpressing kthem kfor koneself kcan kbe
kproblematic.
Aspberger kSyndrome k- kANS✓✓-On kthe kautistic kspectrum: kno klanguage
kdelay, kIQ knormal kor kabove kaverage, klanguage kskills kabove kaverage, kstrange
kor keccentric ksocial kbehavior, krestricted kinterests
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