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NR507- Midterm Advanced Patho- cardiac, pulmonary, hematology, renal $12.49
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NR507- Midterm Advanced Patho- cardiac, pulmonary, hematology, renal
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  • NR507- Advanced Patho- Cardiac, Pulmonary,

Acid/ base disturbance- COPD - answer-chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder. Causes air trapping. Increasing CO2 retention and respiratory acidosis. acute bronchitis - answer-infection and inflammation of bronchial tubes (bronchi) AFTERLOAD (arteries) - answer-resistance to left ventricular ...

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  • November 21, 2024
  • 8
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • nr507 midterm advanced patho cardiac pulmonary

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  • NR507- Advanced Patho- cardiac, pulmonary,
  • NR507- Advanced Patho- cardiac, pulmonary,

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NR507- MIDTERM ADVANCED PATHO-
CARDIAC, PULMONARY, HEMATOLOGY,
RENAL
Acid/ base disturbance- COPD - answer-chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder.
Causes air trapping. Increasing CO2 retention and respiratory acidosis.

acute bronchitis - answer-infection and inflammation of bronchial tubes (bronchi)

AFTERLOAD (arteries) - answer-resistance to left ventricular ejection (systole)

Increased: COPD, hypertension, valve dx (all r/t pulm htn)

Decreased: hypotension, vasodilation (shock)

Albuterol - answer-Beta 2 Agonist, Short-Acting

Aldosterone - answer-Hormone that stimulates the kidney to retain sodium ions
and water

anatomy and physiology of kidney - answer-consists of 3 distinct areas:

*Located in posterior region of the abd cavity behind peritoneum.

cortex (outer)
medulla (middle)
renal pelvis (inner)

Anemia - answer-A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in
hemoglobin, or in total volume.

anemia due to gastrectomy - answer-Iron def anemia is major cause after this
Removal of stomach often leads to marked decrease in production of gastric
acid. This acid is necessary to convert dietary iron to a form that is more readily
absorbed by the duodenum

Anticholinergic drugs for asthma - answer-Atrovent & Spiriva both prevent the
muscle bands around the airways from tightening thus reduce in exacerbation
Albuterol is short acting

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - answer-promotes retention of water by kidneys

aortic stenosis - answer-calcification/ narrowing of aortic valve cusps that
restricts forward flow from left ventricle to aorta (during systole)
crescendo- decrescendo systolic heart murmur

Asthma - answer-A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe
breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.
T2HIGH eosinophilic inflammation
Airway responsiveness

AV valves - answer-tricuspid- right side/ pulmonary

, bicuspid- left side/ aortic side

Blood flow of heart - answer-Enters the right side inferior/superior vena cava-
emptying deoxygenated blood to right atrium- right ventricle, through tricuspid
valve, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery to lungs (where it is oxygenated).
Pulmonary vein empties oxygen rich blood to left atrium/ left ventricle, through
mitral valve, aortic valve, aorta---->to the body.

blood hydrostatic pressure - answer-The pressure exerted by the water in the
blood against the inside wall of a capillary of the bowmans capsule. essential for
blood pressure in the glomerulus.

Bownman's capsule - answer-cup shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus

BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) - answer-Age-associated prostate gland
enlargement that can cause urination difficulty.
non-cancerous

BPH treatment - answer--Alpha blockers [relax bladder neck muscles in the
prostate making urination easier]; alfuzosin (Uroxatral), doxazosin (Cardura),
tamsulosin (Flomax), and silodosin (Rapaflo),
-5-alpha reductase inhibitors [shrink your prostate by preventing hormonal
changes that cause prostate growth]; finasteride (Proscar), dutasteride (Avodart)

bronchioles function - answer-passage of air to alveoli- gas exchange

calcium binding - answer-Binding of calcium to subunit of troponin
Induces conformation change in troponin
Troponin-tropomyosin complex moved
Myosin binding sites of actin exposed

cardiac contractility (inotropic) - answer-Force generated at any given end
diastolic volume
Increased:
sympathetic stimulation (anxiety, increased thyroxine)

Decreased:
low ATP levels (inschemia, hypoxia, acidosis)

Cardiac Output (CO) - answer-volume of blood ejected by each ventricle per
minute
CO= HRx SV

Causes of heart failure - answer-"MI, afib, infection, shock/trauma, thyroid
disease, PE, excess salt, medication noncompliance, beta blockers, NSAIDs"
Over time, reduces contractility

chronic bronchitis - answer-inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long
time
3 or more months atleast 2 years

collecting duct - answer-reabsorption of water/ secretion

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