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Psych 1004 Exam 2 Virginia Tech 2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions.
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Psych 1004 Exam 2 Virginia Tech 2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions.
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Psych 1004 Exam 2 Virginia Tech2 different ways of defining and thinking about addiction - ANS - 1) physical/bodily
dependence that comes about through tolerance and withdrawal
2) a need/abuse despite knowing it has detrimental effects
Acquisition- - ANS - initial learning stage (UCS + CS)
Adderall - ANS - -synthetic
-stimulate pathways for dopamine, norepinephrine
-oral prescription for ADHD and narcolepsy
-combo of dextraoamphetamine and amphetamine (speed)
-central nervous system, stimulant, causing increased HR, BP, and respiration, increased
wakefulness, and decreased appetite
-can be dangerous, esp to cardiovascular system
-Adderall is slower acting
-can boost energy and bring euphoria; its popular recreationally, but once the effects
wear off the user becomes fatigued and irritable
-can be dangerous in combo w alcohol
-lead to dehydration and alcohol poisoning
altered state - ANS - divided state, where part of the person views things just as the
hypnotist wants and another part ('the hidden observer') views things
-some say it is not an altered state, some are more able to enter hypnotic state
Amplitude - ANS - how tall the waves are from through to crest
Attention - ANS - brings material into consciousness
avoidance learning- - ANS - escape/ avoid negative consequences (dog jumping to avoid
shock)
Behavior Based Feedback - ANS - positive feedback related to behavior
biological motive - ANS - produces a drive state that channels behavior toward meeting
the need
Cannon-Bard Theory - ANS - simultaneously!!! (emotion and psychological reaction
occur at the same time after the stimulus)
Changes in sleep as we age - ANS - need less sleep as we age; might have trouble
sleeping through the night; less REM sleep
, Circadian rhythms - ANS - sleep cycle is based on circadian rhythms (internal patterns of
bodily functions over a ~24 hour period); a key brain area is the CSN in the
hypothalamus; disruptions to the circadian rhythm can lead to unclear thinking,
inattentiveness, and feeling sleepy
Classical Conditioning: - ANS - Pavlov
Trial-by-trial learning
cocktail party phenomenon - ANS - ability to pay attention to a "foreground"
conversation dispute the sounds of a "background" one
cognitive (day residue) theory of dreaming - ANS - -dreams may be important, but there is
no hidden meaning. They are an extension of thoughts or wishes from the day
-day residue: dreams are the product of neurons firing at night because we used those
same neurons during that day
collectivism - ANS - "all in this together"; Japan
conditioned response (CR) - ANS - the same type of response originally elicited by the
UCS ex: salivating
conditioned stimulus (CS) - ANS - is initially a neutral stimulus but it becomes associated
with the USC and elicits the same type of response that the USC originally elicited ex:
bell
Conditioned Taste Aversion - ANS - -1 trial learning- tasted something 1 time and it made
you sick, so your body tells you not to eat it again
-biological, helps you survive by not getting sick again
conscious - ANS - process for which a person is subjectively aware
Consciousness - ANS - AWARENESS of mental processed such as perception, thinking,
remembering
Consciousness from a Freudian perspective - ANS - developed theory by treating people:
from the middle and upper class w/ emotional problems; who were mostly married
"proper" women w relatively few freedoms or outlets
criticisms of memory - ANS - memory is not a linear process
difference between STM and LTM is a matter of degree and maybe not all LTM is the same
Detrimental effects of sleep deprivation; effects of alcohol on sleep - ANS - causes
cognitive, motor impairment; effects of sleep dep. are comparable to those of alcohol on
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