Exam (elaborations)
Barry BMS Cancer Biology exam 2 questions and answers
- Course
- Institution
Barry BMS Cancer Biology exam 2 questions and answers
[Show more]
Content preview
Barry BMS Cancer Biology exam 2questions and answers
The first carcinogenic radiation discovered was
X-ray
Forms of radiation associated with cancer
UV radiation
Radioactivity
X-ray
atomic number is equal to
number of protons
atomic mass is
Number of protons and neutrons
isotopes differ in the number of ______
neutrons
Stablity of the nucleus is ensured by
equal number of protons and neutrons
Unstable isotopes emit
radiation/radioactivity
Stability of an isotope is related to its
half-life
Radioactive elements produce 3 types of radiation
,Alpha rays
Beta rays
Gamma rays
Alpha rays
travel very fast
Can alter anything they bump into
Is very damaging
Beta rays
Faster moving 165K mi/sec
Less massive than Alpha rays but so fast moving that can change anything they
bump into
Gamma rays
physically like X rays and visible light
have a shorter wavelength which makes them more energetic than nearly
anything
Damage of radiation depends on
energy
more energy, more damage
Non carcinogenic radiation
visible light, infared, microwave, radio wave
This type of radiation is carcinogenic
ionizing radiation
(type of radiation that alters atoms, turning them into ions)
Gamma rays and X rays can split water molecules into H and OH. these molecules
can recombine to form water. More commonly this will occur:
, The H and OH wil behave as free radicals with H forming HO2 and OH forming
H2O2 (hydogenperoxide)
These two molecules form highly reactive oxygen (ROS) reactive oxygen species
ROS react with anything by
altering their structure
These two forms of radiation are mutagenic
Gamma rays and X-rays
fast moving electrons that are emitted by radioactive isotopes. Less penetrating
or energetic than gamma rays
Beta rays
Big and reactive. Can't travel far in any material but bump continuously in the
atoms of a molecule losing energy as heat
Alpha rays
Beta rays and Alpha rays are
mutagenic
Two mechanisms of DNA damage
1. Direct interactions with DNA's electrons
2. Generation of ROS
3 types of UV radiation
UVA, UVB, UVC
Less energetic than gamma or X-rays
UV-A
has enough energy to be ionizing
UVB
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller millyphilip. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62555 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now