COMPLETE TEST BANK FOR
DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS
AND CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES
3RD EDITION
BY THERESA CAPRIOTTI DO MSN CRNP RN || NEWEST EDITION WITH ALL
CHAPTERS FULLY COVERED
3RD EDITION
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNIT 1: THE CELL ..................................................................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 1. THE CELL IN HEALTH AND ILLNESS ....................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 2, CELLULAR INJURY, ADAPTATIONS, AND MALADAPTIVE CHANGES ........... 26
CHAPTER 3, GENETIC BASIS OF DISEASE .................................................................................... 54
UNIT 2: INTEGRATED BODY PROCESSES ......................................................................................... 81
CHAPTER 4, STRESS, EXERCISE, AND IMMOBILITY .................................................................. 81
CHAPTER 5, OBESITY AND NUTRITIONAL IMBALANCES ...................................................... 110
CHAPTER 6, PAIN .............................................................................................................................. 138
UNIT 3: FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS ............................................ 165
CHAPTER 7, FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES .......................................................... 165
CHAPTER 8, ACID–BASE BALANCES ........................................................................................... 192
UNIT 4: INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION ..................................................................................... 219
CHAPTER 9, INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION ........................................................................ 219
CHAPTER 10, INFECTIOUS DISEASES .......................................................................................... 247
CHAPTER 11, DISORDERS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM .............................................................. 273
UNIT 5: HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS ............................................................................................... 302
CHAPTER 12, WHITE BLOOD CELL DISORDERS ........................................................................ 302
CHAPTER 13, INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION ...................................................................... 328
CHAPTER 14, DISORDERS OF PLATELETS, HEMOSTASIS, AND COAGULATION............... 357
UNIT 6: DISORDERS OF CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION ............................................................. 391
CHAPTER 15, ARTERIAL DISORDERS ANSWER SECTION ....................................................... 391
CHAPTER 16, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND CONDUCTION DISORDERS ...................... 414
CHAPTER 17, HEART FAILURE ...................................................................................................... 443
CHAPTER 18, VALVULAR HEART DISEASE ................................................................................ 472
CHAPTER 19, DISORDERS OF THE VENOUS SYSTEM .............................................................. 498
UNIT 7: PULMONARY DISORDERS ................................................................................................... 525
CHAPTER 20, RESPIRATORY INFLAMMATION AND INFECTION .......................................... 525
CHAPTER 21, SKIN DISORDERS ..................................................................................................... 553
UNIT 8: RENAL AND UROLOGICAL DISORDERS ........................................................................... 582
CHAPTER 22, RENAL DISORDERS ................................................................................................. 583
CHAPTER 23, UROLOGICAL DISORDERS .................................................................................... 614
UNIT 9: HORMONAL AND REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS ............................................................. 643
CHAPTER 24, ENDOCRINE DISORDERS ....................................................................................... 643
CHAPTER 25, DIABETES MELLITUS AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME ........................... 673
,Unit 1: the cell
Chapter 1. The cell in health and illness
Multiple choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell compartment.
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two potassium ions.
2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created
in the presence of oxygen? 1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle
3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme a
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid
3. How many adenosine triphosphates (atps) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53
4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
,1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids
5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (atp)
3. During a severe hypoxic state
4. During the processing of prohormone
7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the
lungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory vesicles
4. Endoplasmic reticula
8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
1. Actin and myosin
2. Prohormone and tubulin
3. Tubulin and actin
4. Myosin and prohormone
9. Which deficiency causes tay–sachs disease?
1. Proteasome
,2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
10. Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation of ganglioside
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system
11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress is correct?
1. During er stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During er stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
3. During er stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
4. During er stress, nondengurardesdisnubgsttabnc.ecs oacmcumulate in the cells.
12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely
to be involved?
1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the golgi apparatus
3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules
4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular
component is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically
transferred?
1. Transfer rna
2. Ribosomal rna
3. Double helix of dna
4. Mitochondrial dna
14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
1. Cellular hypoxia
2. Autolysis
,3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema
15. Which factor provides dna the unique molecular ability to replicate?
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
3. The presence of nucleotides
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
1 1
2 1
3 1
4
17. Whi ch com pon ents for m the stru ctur e of dn
A? Error! Bookmark not defined.
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids
3. Fatty acids
4. Phosphates
18. Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell
2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the dna
3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
4. Transfer rna to move the protein out of the cell
19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is the
mechanism of action of the drug?
1. It prevents the replicationnuorf sbaictnergiat. B.com
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
, 20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
1. In the ribosomes
2. In the golgi apparatus
3. In the secretory granules
4. In the endoplasmic reticulum
21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
Multiple response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
2. Microtubules are flexible.
3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
4. Microtubules are called actin filaments.
5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division.
23. Which cellular actions are carried out during the process of protein synthesis? Select all that
apply.
1. Dna directs the cell to carry out the process.
2. Transcription occurs in the ribosome of the cell.
3. Protein translation takes place in the cell nucleus.
4. Rna is single-stranded and travels outside the nucleus.
5. In rna, the pyrimidine base thymine is replaced with uracil.
24. Which characteristics are specific to rna during protein synthesis? Select all that apply.
1. Presence of ribose pentose sugar
2. Presence of single-stranded helix
3. Presence of double-stranded helix
