RNSG 2539 FINAL (2025-2026) EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+
<LATEST VERSION>
What are some infections associations with DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Acute bacterial
infections (meningococal meningitis)
-Histoplasmosis, Aspergicrosis
-Ricketsial Infections (rocky mountain spotted fever)
-Parasitic infections (malaria)
-Sepsis/ Septic shock
What are some trauma signs that have been associated with DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -
Burns
-Heatstroke
-Massive traumas
-Snake bite
-Surgery including extracorpeal circulation?
What are some hematologic conditions associated with DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -
Blood Transfusions Reactions
What clinical manifestations of DIC are primarily involved? - ANSWER ✔ -
Compromise of organ function or failure
-PT typically develop mods
How is bleeding characterized in DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Decreased Platelet count
-Decreased fibrinogen levels
-Prolonged PT, ApT (thrombiotic)
-Increased Fibrinogen Degradation
,-Increased D-dimers
PT with Frank DIC typically bleed from where? - ANSWER ✔ -Mucous
Membranes
-Venipuncture Sites
-GI Urinary Tracts
What is the only manifestation of DIC during its initial process? - ANSWER ✔ -
Decrease in platelet count
What other test for DIC can be pre-determined at bedside, can better assess
platelet function? - ANSWER ✔ -Thrombelastography
What is the normal range for platelet count? - ANSWER ✔ -150,000-450,000/
mm^3 (decrease w/ DIC)
What is the normal range for PT? - ANSWER ✔ -11 - 12.5 seconds (extrinsic
pathway) think (PET)
What is the normal range for aPTT? - ANSWER ✔ -23-35 seconds (intrinsic
pathway) think PItt?
What is normal range for thrombin time (TT)? - ANSWER ✔ - 8-11 seconds (clot
formation)
What is normal range of Fibrinogen? - ANSWER ✔ - 170-340 mg/ dL (decreases
in DIC)
What is the normal range of fibrin degradation products (FDPs)? - ANSWER ✔ -
0-5 mcg/ mL
Why might cryotrecipitate be given? - ANSWER ✔ -To replace fibrinogen &
factors V & VII
What is examples of a fibrinolytic inhibitor? - ANSWER ✔ - Aminocaproic Acid
What is the pathophysiology of DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Excess thrombin converts
fibrinogen to fibrin, producing fibrin clots in the microcirculation
, What are 3 main causes of DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Burns
-Sepsis
-Abrupito placentae
What is risk factor associated with DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Sepsis
-Cardiac Arrest
-ARDs
-DKA
-PE
-Sickle Cell Anemia
-Liver failure
What are some complications associated with DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Cardiac
tamponade
-Hemothorax
-Stroke
-MODs
The increase with DiC is unknown but it occurs in 1%-2% of PT with 3. -
ANSWER ✔ 1- 30%, 2-50%, 3-Sepsis
What are some pysical finding for DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Hematoria
-Purpura, Jaundice
-Taghycardia
-Hemoptysic (coughing up blood)
-XXXXXX (low urine output)
-Dyspnea or tachypnea
-Pleural friction rub
-Confusion
What results are indicative of DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Platelet count less than
150,000/mL
-Prothrombintine is more than 19 seconds
-partial thromboplastin time is greater than 40 sec
-D-dimer is positive at < 1:8 dilution
-BUN is elevated to more than 25 mg/dL
, What meds would be given for DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Anticoagulations such as
unfractionated heparin or Lmw heparins sodium
-Broad spectrum antibiotics for Gram-neg sepsis
-O2 administration
What is the PT teaching for DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Include their family
Discharge planning for DIC? - ANSWER ✔ -Multidisciplinary team
-Primary discharge nurse
-Care manager
-Hematologist
-PCP
-Assess PT level of independence before admission
-Document discharge planning evaluation in PT clinical record
-Include who was present and involved in discharge planning
An intensive care nurse is aware of the need to identify patients who may be at
risk of developing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the
following ICU patients most likely faces the highest risk of DIC?
A) A patient with extensive burns
B) A patient who has a diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome
C) A patient who suffered multiple trauma in a workplace accident
D) A patient who is being treated for septic shock - ANSWER ✔ D) A patient who
is being treated for septic shock
A patient is being treated for DIC and the nurse has prioritized the nursing
diagnosis of Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume Related to Bleeding. How can the
nurse best determine if goals of care relating to this diagnosis are being met?
A) Assess for edema.
B) Assess skin integrity frequently.
C) Assess the patient's level of consciousness frequently.
D) Closely monitor intake and output. - ANSWER ✔ D) Closely monitor intake
and output
A nurse is providing care to a child with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
with a platelet count of 18,000/mm3. Which medication would the nurse most
likely expect to be ordered?
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