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ADVANCED BIOCHEMISTRY EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
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ADVANCED BIOCHEMISTRY EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS....
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Breakdown of 16 Carbon Fatty Acid into how many Acetyl-CoA?Carbons per Acetyl CoA = (8 Acetyl CoA)
Does the fatty acid below (linolenate) look like it could be synthesized in
mammals? Explain.
Mammals are not able to synthesize (linolenate) because this fatty acid contains
double-bonds closer than 6 carbons from the non-carboxylate end.
Why are unsaturated fats preferable to saturated fats for limited calorie intake?
Unsaturated fats produce LESS electrons (less calories) when oxidized.
Specifically the double-bonds in unsaturated fats makes fewer reducing co-
enzymes which drives ATP synthesis.
Explain why adipocytes need glucose as well as fatty acids in order to
synthesize triacylglycerols.
The glycerol backbone of triacylglycerol comes from the glycolysis of glucose,
which produces dihydroxy-acetone phosphate (DHAP) and glycerol-3-
phosphate (G3P).
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Cyanobacteria contain carboxysomes, which consist of a protein shell that
encloses RuBP carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase. The carboxysome is
permeable to small anions such as HCO3- but is relatively impermeable to O2.
Why would this be an advantage for the bacteria?
Oxygen (O2) competes with CO2 as a substrate for RuBP carboxylase and
interferes with photosynthesis (food production). The carboxysome being
impermeable to O2 keeps O2 from interfering with bacterial survival.
The leaves of some species of desert plants taste sour in the early morning, but
as the day wears on, they become tasteless and then bitter. Explain.
* Plants store (CO2) by CAM at night
* CO2 reacts with PEP to form Malate.
* By morning, malate has accumulated, leaves a sour taste.
* During the day, malate is converted to Pyruvate. (less acid & tasteless)
* Late in the day, all malate is consumed, the leaves become slightly basic
(bitter).
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Explain why the symptoms of a partial deficiency in a urea cycle enzyme can be
attenuated by a low-protein diet.
Reduces the amount of ammonia produced by protein deamination with then
reduces the amoumnt of nitrogen, which in turn reduces urea cycle
intermediates.
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