,Cancer
• Disease process that begins when abnormal cell is
transformed by genetic mutation of cellular DNA
• Metastasis: abnormal cells have invasive characteristics,
infiltrate other tissues
• Malignant cancer cells: demonstrate uncontrolled growth
that does not follow physiologic demand
,Malignant Process
• Cell proliferation: uncontrolled growth with ability to
metastasize and destroy tissue, and cause death
• Cell characteristics: presence of tumor-specific antigens,
altered of shape, structure, metabolism
• Metastasis:
– Lymphatic spread
– Hematogenous spread
– Angiogenesis
• Carcinogenesis (oncogenesis or tumorigenesis)
, Characteristics of Benign and Malignant
Neoplasms
• Cell characteristics
• Mode of growth
• Rate of growth
• Metastasis
• General effects
• Tissue destruction
• Ability to cause disease
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