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USABO QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
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USABO QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
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USABO QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERSThe cell bodies of afferent (sensory) nerves involved in somatic reflexes are
located in the Accurate Answer - dorsal root ganglion
efferent fibers (motor) are located in the Accurate Answer - ventral
root ganglion
Integral (transmembrane) proteins Accurate Answer - -the majority of
proteins; they extend entirely through the membrane
-tryptophan is primary amino acid
In the absence of active transport, the passive sodium and potassium ion
fluxes across the plasma membrane are still coupled. What makes these two
passive ion fluxes dependent on each other? Accurate Answer - The
membrane potential, Vm
Transport of nutrients Accurate Answer - Vitamin C and B: passive
diffusion
Fructose: facilitated diffusion
Glucose: active transport
Carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion Accurate Answer - velocity can
increased up to a maximum value
,What cell myelinates axons in the PNS? Accurate Answer - Schwann
cells
What cell myelinates axons in the CNS? Accurate Answer -
oligodendrocytes
Why is myelin important to the nervous system? Accurate Answer - It
allows signals to travel faster along axons because depolarization occurs only
at non-myelinated locations.
Molecules that direct the growth of axons in the nervous system
Accurate Answer - Cell adhesion molecules (CAM); Netrin-1, Slith
Oncogene Accurate Answer - cancer causing gene
p53 gene Accurate Answer - a tumor-suppressor gene that codes for a
specific transcription factor that promotes the synthesis of proteins that
inhibit the cell cycle
Protosomes Accurate Answer - -blastopore becomes mouth
-spiral and determinate cleavage
-schizocoelous: solid masses of mesoderm split to form coelom
Deuterostomes Accurate Answer - -blastopore becomes anus
-radial and indeterminate cleavage
, -eneterocoelous: folds of archenteron form coelom
Characteristics of chordates Accurate Answer - dorsal hollow nerve
chord, notochord, paired gill slits, postanal tail, paired appendages, ventral
heart
Assume a person is placed on cortisol medication, a glucocorticoid. How
would you expect the rates of ACTH and CRF hormone production to change
in the person? Accurate Answer - ACTH production would decrease,
CRF production would increase
Two main types of cortricosteroids Accurate Answer - glucocorticoids,
such as cortisol and the mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone
During starvation, steroid hormones trigger the transcription of genes for
lipid metabolism in their target cells. This would be an example of control by
Accurate Answer - inducers
Ketone bodies are formed during the breakdown of which of the following
macromolecules? Accurate Answer - fatty acids
Cortisol vs Epinephrine Accurate Answer - epinephrine short term,
cortisol long term
Consumption of which nutrient creates the greatest
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