Fluid, Electrolytes, and Acid Base Balance.
Exam Questions With Verified And Updated
Answers
1) Intracellular fluid (ICF) is found in
A) The cells of the body.
B) Lymph.
C) Blood vessels.
D) The interstitial space.
E) The cerebrospinal fluid - answer✔A) The cells of the body.
2) The components of extracellular fluid (ECF) include
A) Interstitial fluid.
B) Cerebrospinal fluid.
C) Blood plasma and lymph.
D) All of the above
E) A and B only - answer✔D) All of the above
3) The principal cation in intracellular fluid is
A) Sodium.
B) Calcium.
C) Magnesium.
D) Potassium.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
4) When water is lost, but electrolytes are retained,
A) Both the ECF and the ICF become more dilute.
B) Osmosis moves water from the ICF to the ECF.
C) There is an increase in the volume of the ICF.
D) The osmolarity of the ECF falls.
E) Both A and D - answer✔B) Osmosis moves water from the ICF to the ECF.
5) When large amounts of pure water are consumed,
A) Osmolarities of the two compartments are slightly lower.
B) The volume of the ECF decreases.
C) A fluid shift occurs and the volume of the ICF decreases.
D) The ECF becomes hypertonic to the ICF.
E) The volume of the ICF decreases. - answer✔A) Osmolarities of the two compartments are
slightly lower.
6) Consuming a meal high in salt will
A) Activate the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
B) Cause hypotension.
C) Result in a temporary increase in blood volume.
D) Decrease thirst.
E) Drastically increase the osmolarity of the blood - answer✔C) Result in a temporary increase
in blood volume.
7) Antidiuretic hormone
A) Stimulates water conservation by the kidneys.
B) Results in the loss of more urine from the bladder.
C) Causes the kidneys to produce a large volume of urine.
D) Is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in response to changes in blood osmolarity.
E) Stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium ions. - answer✔A) Stimulates water conservation by
the kidneys.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
8) Aldosterone
A) Is secreted in response to elevated levels of sodium in the blood.
B) Promotes sodium retention in the kidneys.
C) Increases the concentration of sodium in urine.
D) Functions in pH regulation.
E) Helps decrease blood volume. - answer✔B) Promotes sodium retention in the kidneys.
9) Atrial natriuretic peptide does all of the following, except that it
A) Reduces thirst.
B) Promotes diuresis.
C) Blocks the release of glucocorticoids during the stress response.
D) Blocks the release of aldosterone.
E) Blocks the release of ADH. - answer✔C) Blocks the release of glucocorticoids during the
stress response.
10) When the level of sodium ion in extracellular fluid decreases,
A) A person experiences an increased thirst.
B) More ADH is released.
C) There is an increase in the level of aldosterone.
D) There is an increase in the level of atrial natriuretic factor.
E) Osmoreceptors are stimulated. - answer✔C) There is an increase in the level of aldosterone.
11) When the amount of sodium ion in extracellular fluid increases,
A) There is a decreased thirst.
B) Aldosterone secretion increases.
C) ADH secretion decreases.
D) Osmoreceptors are stimulated.
E) There is an increase in the volume of urine produced - answer✔D) Osmoreceptors are
stimulated.
12) Excess potassium ion is eliminated from the body by
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