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NBME CBSE EXAM STUDY GUIDE.

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©THESTAR EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 1 | P a g e NBME CBSE EXAM STUDY GUIDE. Type II pneumocytes - answersurfactant (*lecithin*) Proliferate after injury Type I progenitors *Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome* Type II pneumocytes - answersurfactant (*lecithin*) Proli...

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  • November 24, 2024
  • 210
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NBME CBSE
  • NBME CBSE
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©THESTAR EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025

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NBME CBSE EXAM STUDY GUIDE.


Type II pneumocytes - answer✔surfactant (*lecithin*)

Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*

Type II pneumocytes - answer✔surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*

Polio live v killed vaccine - answer✔Killed = Salk = IgG


Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces

Polio live v killed vaccine - answer✔Killed = Salk = IgG


Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:

Etiology + Tx - answer✔Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:

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Etiology + Tx - answer✔Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth

Lung maturity determined with - answer✔Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II
pneumocytes)
L >> S

Lung maturity determined with - answer✔Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II
pneumocytes)
L >> S

Type I pneumocytes - answer✔Squamous gas diffusion

Type I pneumocytes - answer✔Squamous gas diffusion

Elastase in lungs - answer✔macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*

Elastase in lungs - answer✔macrophage: *lysosomes*

PMN: *azuronphilic granules*

Elastin stretches and recoils due to - answer✔Lysine interchain crosslinks

Elastin stretches and recoils due to - answer✔Lysine interchain crosslinks

air pressure and

intrapleural pressure at FRC - answer✔Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
air pressure and

intrapleural pressure at FRC - answer✔Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5

Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - answer✔Exhale of Tidal Volume

Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - answer✔Exhale of Tidal Volume

Lung Compliance is decreased by - answer✔LHF, pulmonary edema,

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pulmonary fibrosis

Lung Compliance is decreased by - answer✔LHF, pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis

Lung Compliance is increased by - answer✔emphysema, age

Lung Compliance is increased by - answer✔emphysema, age

Obesity affects ERV and FRC - answer✔DECREASE
ERV & FRC

Obesity affects ERV and FRC - answer✔DECREASE
ERV & FRC

Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - answer✔pulmonary = systemic

Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - answer✔pulmonary = systemic

Anatomic pulmonary shunting - answer✔Bronchial circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries

Anatomic pulmonary shunting - answer✔Bronchial circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries

More ventilation is at the - answer✔BASE

More ventilation is at the - answer✔BASE

O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - answer✔basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG

low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)

O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - answer✔basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)

O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - answer✔low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC


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O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - answer✔low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC

CO2 transport to lungs - answer✔*carbonic anhydrase*
Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)

CO2 transport to lungs - answer✔*carbonic anhydrase*

Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)

CO poisoning causes - answer✔carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2

CO poisoning causes - answer✔carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2

Cyanide poisoning causes - answer✔lactic acidosis

Cyanide poisoning causes - answer✔lactic acidosis

How to treat cyanide poisoning - answer✔*Amyl nitrite* --> Methemoglobin
THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)

How to treat cyanide poisoning - answer✔*Amyl nitrite* --> Methemoglobin

THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)

Normal A-a gradient - answer✔5-15


Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude

Normal A-a gradient - answer✔5-15


Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude
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