Exam (elaborations)
NR 228 4,8,9 Exam Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+
- Course
- Institution
NR 228 4,8,9 Exam Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+
[Show more]
Content preview
NR 228 4,8,9 Exam Questions andComplete Solutions Graded A+
Three sizes of carbs - Answer: monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysacharides
DRI for carbs - Answer: 130g/day
AMDR for carbs - Answer: 45% to 65% of Kcal/day
Refined Grains - Answer: have been milled, a process that removes the bran and germ. Milling is done to
give grains a finer texture and improve their shelf life, but it also removes dietary fiber, iron, and many B
vitamins. (White bread, white rice)
Whole Grains - Answer: contain the entire grain kernel—the bran, germ, and endosperm. Whole-wheat
flour, bulgur, oatmeal, cornmeal and brown rice.
2 categories of carbs - Answer: simple carbs (monosacchride and disacchride), complex carbs
(polysacchride)
What are the two naturally occurring sweeteners? - Answer: sucrose and fructose
Digestion of carbs - Answer: Begins in the mouth, breakdown carb containing foods with saliva with
ptyalin (amylase)
The chemical function of the enzymes - Answer: Breakdown maltose, sucrose, and lactose with maltase,
sucrase, and lactase in the small intestine.
Maltose breaks down to - Answer: 2 glucose molecules
Sucrose (table sugar)breaks down to - Answer: fructose and glucose
, Lactose (milk sugar) breaks down to - Answer: galactose and glucose
monosachharides - Answer: composed of single carbohydrate units. Glucose (blood sugar), fructose
(liver rearranges it to glucose), and galactose
Disaccharides - Answer: consist of two single carbohydrates bound together. Sucrose, maltose, and
lactose
polysaccharides - Answer: consist of many units of monosaccharides joined together. Starch and fiber
are food sources. Glycogen is stored in liver and muscles
Protein sparing effect - Answer: If enough carbohydrate is provided to meet the energy needs of the
body, protein can be spared or saved to use for specific protein functions.
glycogenesis - Answer: process of converting glucose to glycogen. Considered a relatively limited source
of energy in comparison with the amounts of energy stored in body fat.
Metabolism of carbs - Answer: Primarily maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis of 70 to 100 mg/dl
glycogenolysis - Answer: Dietary starches and simple carbohydrates provide blood glucose after
digestion and absorption; glycogen stored in the liver and muscle tissue is converted back (broken
down) to glucose.
Gluconeogenesis - Answer: the process of producing glucose from fat. It is not as efficient as using
carbohydrate directly for glucose.
Ketones - Answer: Can be used for energy. Are created when fatty acids are broken down for energy
when sufficient carbohydrates are unavailable; this process of fat metabolism, however, is incomplete.
Too much leads to ketoacidosis if carbs are insufficient.
Blood Glucose Regulation - Answer: Hormonal system controls glucose metabolism and blood glucose
level regulation
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller YourExamplug. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67096 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now