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BIO 150 Exam 2 - Multiple Choice Verified 2024
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BIO 150 Exam 2 - Multiple Choice Verified 2024
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BIO 150 Exam 2 - Multiple ChoiceVerified 2024
A major purpose of the fermentation pathways in cells is - ANSWER-to oxidize NADH
A molecule of glucose contains 6 carbon atoms (and oxygen and hydrogen atoms). If
you fully metabolize a glucose molecule in what molecule would you find the carbon
atoms? - ANSWER-carbon dioxide
All plant cells require energy provided by ATP hydrolysis to carry out the same functions
as animal cells. How do cells in plant roots obtain energy to produce new root cells? -
ANSWER-They metabolize sugar produced in the leaves
Animals breathe in air containing oxygen and breathe out air with less oxygen. The
consumed oxygen is used: - ANSWER-as an electron acceptor in the respiratory
electron transport chain.
At the end of glycolysis, the potential energy originally found in the starting glucose
molecule is in the form of: - ANSWER-pyruvate, NADH, and ATP
Atractyloside is a poison that inhibits the transport of ADP from the cytosol across the
mitochondrial membranes and into the mitochondrial matrix. The direct effect of this
drug is to stop ATP synthesis because: - ANSWER-ADP is a necessary substrate for
the reaction catalyzed by ATP synthase.
Chloroplasts are similar to mitochondria, in that they have special compartments for
biochemical pathways. In which compartment does the assembly of sugar molecules
from carbon dioxide take place? - ANSWER-the stroma
Chloroplasts are similar to mitochondria, in that they have special compartments for
biochemical pathways. In which compartment does the phosphorylation of ATP
necessary to "power" sugar synthesis take place? - ANSWER-thylakoid membranes
Defects in a lamin protein has been linked to progeria, a premature aging disease.
Where is nuclear lamin located? - ANSWER-On the nuclear face of the nuclear
envelope/membrane
During oxidative metabolism, NAD is converted to NADH. Is this an oxidation or a
reduction reaction? - ANSWER-NAD is reduced by acquiring an electron and proton to
form NADH
During oxidative metabolism, NADH is converted to NAD. Is this an oxidation or a
reduction reaction? - ANSWER-NADH is oxidized when it releases an electron and
proton to form NAD
, Endocrine cells and neurons in your brain contain microtubules and actin filaments and
peptide hormones and neurotransmitters that are secreted from the cells. How does a
cell "know" to keep actin and tubulin in the cytoplasm but direct these hormones and
neurotransmitters for secretion? - ANSWER-The neurotransmitter and hormone
proteins contain a sequence that is recognized by a SRP protein that directs their
synthesis to the endoplasmic reticulum
How do plant cells generate ATP necessary for cell wall synthesis, expression of genes
in the nucleus, and general construction and maintenance of the plant cell? - ANSWER-
By glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.
Hydrogen cyanide is highly toxic because cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, which
prevents the transport of electrons from the electron transport chain to oxygen. What
would be the immediate effect of cyanide on ATP synthesis (ADP phosphorylation)? -
ANSWER-Cyanide should decrease ATP synthesis because it would prevent movement
of electrons through the electron transport system, which would reduce the movement
of protons into the inter membrane space in mitochondria.
If oxygen is unavailable, predict what happens to the citric acid cycle. - ANSWER-It
stops because the supplies of NAD+ and FAD become depleted.
Imagine that you are investigating the production of insulin in normal cells. You are
using these cells to help determine the cause of faulty insulin production in other cells
where insulin appears to be synthesized but fails to be secreted from the cell. You
design experiments using three different pharmaceutical compounds to help pinpoint
the trouble spot in the protein synthetic pathway. The first compound blocks transport
vesicle movement in the cytoplasm. The second blocks the SRP release from the
ribosome and mRNA. The third compound binds to and blocks the signal sequence so
the SRP cannot recognize it.
Which of the following describes what you would expect to observe in cells treated with
the inhibitor of SRP release from the ribosome and mRNA?
a. an accumulation of insulin in the cytosol
b. an accumulation of insulin in the Golgi
c. an accumulation of insulin at the plasma membrane d. a lack of insulin in t -
ANSWER-d. a lack of insulin in the cell
Imagine that you are investigating the production of insulin in normal cells. You are
using these cells to help determine the cause of faulty insulin production in other cells
where insulin appears to be synthesized but fails to be secreted from the cell. You
design experiments using three different pharmaceutical compounds to help pinpoint
the trouble spot in the protein synthetic pathway. The first compound blocks transport
vesicle movement in the cytoplasm. The second blocks the SRP release from the
ribosome and mRNA. The third compound binds to and blocks the signal sequence so
the SRP cannot recognize it.
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