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nursing 122 Exam 1 with correct answers
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nursing 122 Exam 1 with correct answers
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nursing 122 Exam 1 with correctanswers
The nurse is participating at a health fair at the local mall giving influenza vaccines to senior
citizens. What level of prevention is the nurse practicing?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Quaternary prevention - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Primary prevention is aimed at
health promotion and includes health-education programs, immunizations, and physical and
nutritional fitness activities. It can be provided to an individual and includes activities that focus on
maintaining or improving the general health of individuals, families, and communities. It also
includes specific protection such as immunization for influenza.
A patient experienced a myocardial infarction 4 weeks ago and is currently participating in the daily
cardiac rehabilitation sessions at the local fitness center. In what level of prevention is the patient
participating?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Quaternary prevention - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Tertiary prevention involves
minimizing the effects of long-term disease or disability by interventions directed at preventing
complications and deterioration following the myocardial infarction. Tertiary-prevention activities
are directed at rehabilitation rather than diagnosis and treatment. Care at this level aims to help
patients achieve as high a level of functioning as possible, despite the limitations caused by illness or
impairment. This level of care is called preventive care because it involves preventing further
disability or reduced functioning.
Based on the transtheoretical model of change, what is the most appropriate response to a patient
who states: "Me, exercise? I haven't done that since junior high gym class, and I hated it then!"
A) "That's fine. Exercise is bad for you anyway."
,B) "OK. I want you to walk 3 miles 4 times a week, and I'll see you in 1 month."
C) "I understand. Can you think of one reason why being more active would be helpful for you?"
D) "I'd like you to ride your bike 3 times this week and eat at least four fruits and vegetables every
day." - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔The patient's response indicates that the patient is in the
precontemplation stage and does not intend to change his behavior in the next 6 months. In this
stage the patient is not interested in information about the behavior and may be defensive when
confronted with it. Asking an open-ended question may stimulate the patient to identify a reason to
begin a behavior change. Nurses are challenged to motivate and facilitate change in health behavior
when working with individuals.
A patient comes to the local health clinic and states: "I've noticed how many people are out walking
in my neighborhood. Is walking good for you?" What is the best response to help the patient through
the stages of change for exercise?
A) "Walking is OK. I really think running is better."
B) "Yes, walking is great exercise. Do you think you could go for a 5-minute walk next week?"
C) "Yes, I want you to begin walking. Walk for 30 minutes every day and start to eat more fruits and
vegetables."
D) "They probably aren't walking fast enough or far enough. You need to spend at least 45 minutes if
you are going to do any good." - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔The patient's response indicates
that the patient is in the contemplative state, possibly intending to make a behavior change within
the next 6 months. The nurse's statement reinforces the behavior and provides a specific goal for the
patient to begin a walking plan.
A male patient has been laid off from his construction job and has many unpaid bills. He is going
through a divorce from his marriage of 15 years and has been seeing his pastor to help him through
this difficult time. He does not have a primary health care provider because he has never really been
sick and his parents never took him to the physician when he was a child. Which external variables
influence the patient's health practices? (Select all that apply.)
A) Difficulty paying his bills
B) Seeing his pastor as a means of support
C) Family practice of not routinely seeing a health care provider
D) Stress from the divorce and the loss of a job - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔External factors
impacting health practices include family beliefs and economic impact. How patients' families use
health care services generally affects their health practices. Their perceptions of the serious nature of
diseases and their history of preventive care behaviors (or lack of them) influence how patients will
,think about health. Economic variables may affect a patient's level of health by increasing the risk
for disease and influencing how or at what point the patient enters the health care system.
The nurse is conducting a home visit with an older adult couple. She assesses that the lighting in the
home is poor and there are throw rugs throughout the home and a low footstool in the living room.
She discusses removing the rugs and footstool and improving the lighting with the couple. The nurse
is addressing which level of need according to Maslow?
A) Physiological
B) Safety and security
C) Love and belonging
D) Self-actualization - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔The teaching addresses the need for safety
and security. The throw rugs, low lighting, and low stool are hazards that can cause falls in the
elderly. Preventing falls is a priority safety issue for older adults.
When taking care of patients, the nurse routinely asks them if they take any vitamins or herbal
medications, encourages family members to bring in music that the patient likes to help the patient
relax, and frequently prays with her patients if that is important to them. The nurse is practicing
which model?
A) Holistic
B) Health belief
C) Transtheoretical
D) Health promotion - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔The nurse is using a holistic model of care
that considers emotional and spiritual well-being and other dimensions of an individual to be
important aspects of physical wellness. The holistic health model of nursing attempts to create
conditions that promote optimal health. Nurses using the holistic nursing model recognize the
natural healing abilities of the body and incorporate complementary and alternative interventions
such as music therapy, reminiscence, relaxation therapy, therapeutic touch, and guided imagery
because they are effective, economical, noninvasive, nonpharmacological complements to traditional
medical care.
When illness occurs, different attitudes about it cause people to react in different ways. What do
medical sociologists call this reaction to illness?
A) Health belief
B) Illness behavior
, C) Health promotion
D) Illness prevention - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Illness behavior involves how people
monitor their bodies, define and interpret their symptoms, take remedial actions, and use the
resources in the health care system. Personal history, social situations, social norms, and past
experiences can affect illness behavior.
A patient at the community clinic asks the nurse about health promotion activities that she can do
because she is concerned about getting diabetes mellitus since her grandfather and father both have
the disease. This statement reflects that the patient is in what stage of the health belief model?
A) Perceived threat of the disease
B) Likelihood of taking preventive health action
C) Analysis of perceived benefits of preventive action
D) Perceived susceptibility to the disease. - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔The health belief
model addresses the relationship between a person's beliefs and behaviors. It provides a way of
understanding and predicting how patients will behave in relation to their health and how they will
comply with health care therapies. In the perceived susceptibility to the disease phase, the patient
recognizes the familial link to the disease.
A nurse works in a special care unit for children with severe immunology problems and is caring for
a 3-year-old boy from Greece. The boy's father is with him while his mother and sister are back in
Greece. The nurse is having difficulty communicating with the father. What action does the nurse
take?
A) Care for the boy as she would any other patient
B) Ask the manager to talk with the father and keep him out of the unit
C) Have another nurse care for the boy because maybe that nurse will do better with the father
D) Search for help with interpretation and understanding of the cultural differences by contacting
someone from the local Greek community - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔The nurse needs to
understand how the Greek culture impacts the father's health beliefs and communication with
health care providers. Cultural variables must be incorporated into the child's plan of care. Cultural
background influences beliefs, values, and customs. It influences the approach to the health care
system, personal health practices, and the nurse-patient relationship. Cultural background may also
influence an individual's beliefs about causes of illness and remedies or practices to restore health. If
nurses are not aware of their own and other cultural patterns of behavior and language, they may
not be able to recognize and understand a patient's behavior and beliefs and may have difficulty
interacting with the patient.
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