2204 Fluid & Electrolyte NCLEX Practice
Questions, Fundamentals Ch. 42 Fluid
&Electrolytes Rated A+
What is the effect of excessive intake of sodium on blood pressure?
a) It lowers blood pressure
b) It has no effect on blood pressure
c) It raises blood pressure
d) It causes hypotension
✔✔ c) It raises blood pressure
What is the typical treatment for hypokalemia?
a) Potassium supplements and dietary changes
b) Sodium bicarbonate and fluids
c) Calcium gluconate and diuretics
d) IV insulin and glucose
✔✔ a) Potassium supplements and dietary changes
Which of the following is a common symptom of fluid overload?
1
,a) Hypotension
b) Peripheral edema
c) Polyuria
d) Dehydration
✔✔ b) Peripheral edema
What is the primary function of chloride in the body?
a) To regulate heart rate
b) To help maintain osmotic pressure and fluid balance
c) To store calcium
d) To regulate blood glucose levels
✔✔ b) To help maintain osmotic pressure and fluid balance
What does the body use to compensate for respiratory acidosis?
a) Increased renal bicarbonate reabsorption
b) Decreased renal potassium excretion
c) Increased ventilation rate
d) Decreased urine output
2
,✔✔ a) Increased renal bicarbonate reabsorption
What is the most likely effect of hypernatremia on the cells?
a) Cellular dehydration and shrinking
b) Cellular swelling and bursting
c) Decreased metabolism
d) No effect on cells
✔✔ a) Cellular dehydration and shrinking
Which condition is most commonly associated with metabolic alkalosis?
a) Renal failure
b) Prolonged vomiting
c) Chronic diarrhea
d) Hyperventilation
✔✔ b) Prolonged vomiting
What is the role of aldosterone in fluid and electrolyte balance?
a) It increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion
3
, b) It decreases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion
c) It promotes urine production
d) It causes the kidneys to excrete calcium
✔✔ a) It increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion
What is the normal range for magnesium in the blood?
a) 0.5–1.5 mg/dL
b) 1.5–2.5 mg/dL
c) 2.0–3.5 mg/dL
d) 2.5–4.5 mg/dL
✔✔ b) 1.5–2.5 mg/dL
Which condition is most likely to result in hypovolemia?
a) Chronic kidney disease
b) Severe dehydration
c) Heart failure
d) Liver cirrhosis
✔✔ b) Severe dehydration
4
Questions, Fundamentals Ch. 42 Fluid
&Electrolytes Rated A+
What is the effect of excessive intake of sodium on blood pressure?
a) It lowers blood pressure
b) It has no effect on blood pressure
c) It raises blood pressure
d) It causes hypotension
✔✔ c) It raises blood pressure
What is the typical treatment for hypokalemia?
a) Potassium supplements and dietary changes
b) Sodium bicarbonate and fluids
c) Calcium gluconate and diuretics
d) IV insulin and glucose
✔✔ a) Potassium supplements and dietary changes
Which of the following is a common symptom of fluid overload?
1
,a) Hypotension
b) Peripheral edema
c) Polyuria
d) Dehydration
✔✔ b) Peripheral edema
What is the primary function of chloride in the body?
a) To regulate heart rate
b) To help maintain osmotic pressure and fluid balance
c) To store calcium
d) To regulate blood glucose levels
✔✔ b) To help maintain osmotic pressure and fluid balance
What does the body use to compensate for respiratory acidosis?
a) Increased renal bicarbonate reabsorption
b) Decreased renal potassium excretion
c) Increased ventilation rate
d) Decreased urine output
2
,✔✔ a) Increased renal bicarbonate reabsorption
What is the most likely effect of hypernatremia on the cells?
a) Cellular dehydration and shrinking
b) Cellular swelling and bursting
c) Decreased metabolism
d) No effect on cells
✔✔ a) Cellular dehydration and shrinking
Which condition is most commonly associated with metabolic alkalosis?
a) Renal failure
b) Prolonged vomiting
c) Chronic diarrhea
d) Hyperventilation
✔✔ b) Prolonged vomiting
What is the role of aldosterone in fluid and electrolyte balance?
a) It increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion
3
, b) It decreases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion
c) It promotes urine production
d) It causes the kidneys to excrete calcium
✔✔ a) It increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion
What is the normal range for magnesium in the blood?
a) 0.5–1.5 mg/dL
b) 1.5–2.5 mg/dL
c) 2.0–3.5 mg/dL
d) 2.5–4.5 mg/dL
✔✔ b) 1.5–2.5 mg/dL
Which condition is most likely to result in hypovolemia?
a) Chronic kidney disease
b) Severe dehydration
c) Heart failure
d) Liver cirrhosis
✔✔ b) Severe dehydration
4
