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NCLEX Questions: Homeostasis, Fluids, and Electrolytes (Questions 61-120) 100% Pass
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NCLEX Questions: Homeostasis, Fluids, and Electrolytes (Questions 61-120) 100% Pass A patient with fluid imbalance is likely to experience changes in which of the following? Blood pressure and heart rate When dehydration occurs, what compensatory mechanism does the body activate to main...

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  • November 26, 2024
  • 17
  • 2024/2025
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  • nclex questions homeostasis fluids and electrol

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NCLEX Questions: Homeostasis, Fluids,
and Electrolytes (Questions 61-120)
100% Pass
A patient with fluid imbalance is likely to experience changes in which of the following?


✔✔ Blood pressure and heart rate




When dehydration occurs, what compensatory mechanism does the body activate to maintain

homeostasis?


✔✔ Increased thirst and release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)




Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with renal failure?


✔✔ Hyperkalemia




If a patient presents with low sodium levels (hyponatremia), what symptoms might they

experience?


✔✔ Headache, confusion, and lethargy




How does the body regulate pH balance in the blood?


1

,✔✔ Through buffer systems, respiratory control, and renal excretion




What would be the expected laboratory finding in a patient with hypokalemia?


✔✔ Low serum potassium levels




What is the primary function of aldosterone in regulating electrolytes?


✔✔ It promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion by the kidneys




If a patient is receiving diuretics, which electrolyte imbalance should be closely monitored?


✔✔ Hypokalemia




What is the effect of hypercalcemia on the nervous system?


✔✔ Decreased neuromuscular excitability, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue




How does the body compensate for respiratory acidosis?


✔✔ By increasing renal excretion of hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate




What is the expected finding in the blood of a patient with hypernatremia?

2

, ✔✔ Elevated sodium levels with possible signs of dehydration




What happens when the hypothalamus detects low blood volume or osmolarity?


✔✔ It stimulates the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to conserve water




If a patient is experiencing alkalosis, what change is likely to occur in their respiratory rate?


✔✔ The respiratory rate will decrease to retain carbon dioxide and restore balance




Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in patients with chronic alcohol use?


✔✔ Hypomagnesemia




What does the osmolarity of a solution refer to?


✔✔ The concentration of solutes in the solution, which affects fluid movement across cell

membranes




In hyperkalemia, what is a critical intervention to prevent severe complications?


✔✔ Administer calcium gluconate to stabilize the heart and shift potassium into cells




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