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Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
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,Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
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Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th
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Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE b
1. What is the major cause of death for children in the United States?
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a. Heart disease b
b. Childhood cancer b
c. Injuries
d. Congenital anomalies b
ANS: C b
Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence.
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The leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital anomalies, and childhood
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cancers and heart disease cause a significantly lower percentage of deaths in children older than 1 year
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of age.
b b
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Planning b b b b b
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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2. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, “What is meant by family-centered care?” The nurse
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b should respond with which statement?
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a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family. b b b b b b b b b b
b. Family-centered care encourages family dependence on the health care system. b b b b b b b b b
c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child’s life. b b b b b b b b b b b b
d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision-making b b b b b b b b b b
process.
b
ANS: C b
The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Family-
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centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child’s life. The family should be enabled
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and empowered to work with the health care system and is expected to be part of the decision-making
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process. The nurse should also support the family’s cultural diversity, not reduce its effect.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
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MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which?
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a. Using information in textbooks to guide care
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b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition b b b b b b
c. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision making
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d. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child’s health and family situation
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ANS: B b
EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions; and
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questioning the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on the integration of the best
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research evidence combined with clinical expertise and patient values.
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,Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering TOP: Nursing Process: Planning b b b b b
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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4. The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after-school program about
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childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?
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a. Childhood obesity is the most common nutritional problem among children.
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b. Immunization rates are the same among children of different races and ethnicity. b b b b b b b b b b b
c. Dental caries is not a problem commonly seen in children since the introduction of
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fluorinated water.
b b
d. Mental health problems are typically not seen in school-age children but may be
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diagnosed in adolescents.
b b b
ANS: A b
When teaching parents of school-age children about childhood health problems, the nurse should
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include information about childhood obesity because it is the most common problem among children
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and is associated with type 2 diabetes. Teaching parents about ways to prevent obesity is important to
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include. Immunization rates differ depending on the child’s race and ethnicity; dental caries continues
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to be a common chronic disease in childhood; and mental health problems are seen in children as
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young as school age, not just in adolescents.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
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MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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5. The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse plan to
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ensure atraumatic care?
b b b
a. Limit explanation of procedures because the child is preschool aged.
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b. Ask that all family members leave the room when performing procedures.
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c. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oral
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medications.
b
d. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because there
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is not time for it to be effective.
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ANS: C b
The overriding goal in providing atraumatic care is first, do no harm. Allowing the child, a choice of
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juice to drink when taking oral medications provides the child with a sense of control. The preschool
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child should be prepared before procedures, so limiting explanations of procedures would increase
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anxiety. The family should be allowed to stay with the child during procedures, minimizing stress.
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Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a topical local anesthetic. The nurse should plan to use the b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
prescribed cream in time for morning laboratory draws to minimize pain.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning b b b b b
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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6. Which situation denotes a nontherapeutic nurse–patient–family relationship?
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a. The nurse is planning to read a favorite fairy tale to a patient.
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b. During shift report, the nurse is criticizing parents for not visiting their child.
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c. The nurse is discussing with a fellow nurse the emotional draw to a certain patient.
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d. The nurse is working with a family to find ways to decrease the family’s
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b dependence on health care providers. b b b b
, Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
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ANS: B b
Criticizing parents for not visiting in shift report is nontherapeutic and shows an under involvement
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with the parents. Reading a fairy tale is a therapeutic and age-appropriate action. Discussing feelings
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of an emotional draw with a fellow nurse is therapeutic and shows a willingness to understand
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feelings. Working with parents to decrease dependence on health care providers is therapeutic and
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helps to empower the family.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Integrated Process: Caring b b b b b
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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7. The nurse is aware that which age-group is at risk for childhood injury because of the cognitive
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b characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking? b b b b b
a. Preschool
b. Young school age b b
c. Middle school age b b
d. Adolescent
ANS: A b
Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking, meaning they
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are unable to comprehend danger to self or others. Young and middle school-aged children have
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transitional cognitive processes, and they may attempt dangerous acts without detailed planning but
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recognize danger to themselves or others. Adolescents have formal operational cognitive processes and
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are preoccupied with abstract thinking.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment b b b b b
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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8. The school nurse is assessing children for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which child has
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the most risk factors related to childhood injury?
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a. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life b b b b b
b. Male, high activity level, stressful home life b b b b b b
c. Male, even tempered, history of previous injuries b b b b b b
d. Female, reacts negatively to new situations, no serious previous injuries
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ANS: B b
Boys have a preponderance for injuries over girls because of a difference in behavioral characteristics,
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a high activity temperament is associated with risk-taking behaviors, and stress predisposes children to
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increased risk taking and self-destructive behaviors. Therefore, a male child with a high activity level
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and living in a stressful environment has the highest number of risk factors. A girl with several siblings
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and a stable home life is low risk. A boy with previous injuries has two risk factors, but an even temper
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is not a risk factor for injuries. A girl who reacts negatively to new situations but has no previous
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serious illnesses has only one risk factor.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment b b b b b
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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9. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his parents. Which
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moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions?
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a. Justice
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