,Chapter 01: Trends and Issues Williams: Basic Geriatric Nursing 8th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE s
1. Which fact explains the shift of health care focus toward the older adult in the late 1960s?
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a. Disability was viewed as unavoidable. s s s s
b. Complications from disease increased mortality. s s s s
c. Older adults’ needs are similar to those of all adults.
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d. Preventive health care practices increased longevity. s s s s s
ANS: D s
Increased preventive health care practices, disease control, and focus on wellness helped people live
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longer.
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PTS: 1 ss s DIF: 4 REF: p. 2 OBJ: 2 ss s s s
TOP: Aging Trends s KEY: Nursing Process Step: Data Collection
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MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
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NOT: Understanding
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2. To which age group does the term “aged” apply?
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a. 55–64 years of age s s s
b. 65–74 years of age s s s
c. 75–84 years of age s s s
d. 85 and older s s
ANS: C s
The term aged refers to persons who are 75–84 years of age.
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PTS: 1 ss s DIF: 1 REF: p. 2 | Table 1.1 s s s s s
OBJ: 1 ss s TOP: Age Categories s s
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Data Collection
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MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
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NOT: Remembering
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3. Which is true of ageism? s s s s
a. It is discrimination against persons solely on the basis of age.
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b. It causes a person to fear aging.
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, c. It involves the use of cultural sensitivity to address concerns of aging.
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d. It focuses on resources for the older adult.
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ANS: A s
Ageism is a negative belief pattern that influences persons to discriminate against persons solely on the
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basis of age and can lead to destructive behaviors toward the older adult.
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PTS: 1 ss s DIF: 4 REF: p. 4 OBJ: 3 ss s s s
TOP: Ageism KEY: Nursing Process Step: Data Collection
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MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation
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NOT: Understanding
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4. Which legislation has been the most beneficial legislation that has influenced health care for the older
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adult?
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a. Medicare and Medicaid s s
b. Elimination of the mandatory retirement age s s s s s
c. The Americans with Disabilities Act
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d. The Drug Benefit Program s s s
ANS: A s
The broadest sweeping legislation beneficial to the older adult is Medicare and Medicaid. The elimination
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of the mandatory retirement age does not apply to health care. The Americans with Disabilities Act deals
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with all Americans with disabilities, not just the older adult. The Drug BenefitProgram was added to
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Medicare, but deals only with medications.
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PTS: 1 ss s DIF: 4 REF: p. 11 OBJ: 6 ss s s s
TOP: Legislation KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
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MSC: NCLEX: N/A
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5. Which housing option for the older adult offers the privacy of an apartment with restaurant-style meals
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and some medical and personal care services?
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a. Government-subsidized housing s
b. Long-term care facility s s
c. Assisted-living center s
d. Group housing plan s s
ANS: C s
Assisted-living arrangements offer the privacy of an apartment or condominium with meals prepared
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and served, limited medical care, and a variety of personal services.
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PTS: 1 ss s DIF: 3 REF: p. 14 OBJ: 9 ss s s s
TOP: Housing Options s KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
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MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
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NOT: Remembering s
6. The 75-year-old man who has been hospitalized following a severe case of pneumonia is concerned
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about his mounting hospital bill and asks if his Medicare coverage will pay for his care. Which would
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be the most helpful response by the nurse?
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a. Medicare Part C pays 50% of all medical costs for persons older than 65.
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b. Medicare Part B pays hospital costs and physician fees.
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, c. Medicare Part A pays for inpatient hospital costs. s s s s s s s
d. Medicare Part D pays 80% of the charges made by physicians. s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: C s
Medicare Part A pays inpatient hospital costs, Part B pays 80% of physician’s charges, and Part D
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helps defray prescription drug costs. Medicare Part C allows individuals to receive health insurance
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through private insurance companies and typically pays entire costs.
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PTS: 1 DIF: 7
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TOP: Medicare Provisionss KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation s s s s s
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation NOT: Applying
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7. The daughter of a patient who has been diagnosed with terminal cancer asks which documents are
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required to allow her to make health care decisions for her parent. Which response would provide the
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most accurate information to the daughter?
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a. Advance directives indicate the degree of intervention desired by the patient.
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b. A ‘Do Not Resuscitate’ document signed by the patient transfers authority to thenext
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of kin. s s
c. A durable power of attorney for health care transfers decision-making authority for
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health care to a designated person.
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d. A living will transfers authority to the physician.
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ANS: C s
A durable power of attorney for health care transfers the authority for decision making to a designated
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person. An advance directive specifies the type of care an individual desires when he cannot speak for
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himself. The durable power of attorney is only one type of advance directive. A “Do Not Resuscitate”
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document states that the patient wishes to die naturally with no intervention. A living will prohibits the
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use of life-prolonging measures.
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PTS: 1 DIF: 7
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TOP: Advance Directives s KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation s s s s s
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation NOT: Applying
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8. The daughter of a resident in a long-term care facility is frustrated with her 80-year-old mother’s
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refusal to eat. Which response would be the most appropriate?
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a. The refusal to eat is an effort to maintain a portion of independence and self-
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direction.
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b. The refusal to eat is an indication of approaching Alzheimer disease.
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c. The refusal to eat is an effort to gain attention.
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d. The refusal to eat is an indication of the dislike of the institutional food.
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ANS: A s
Loss of independence and control is a significant issue for the older adult. Some residents will exercise
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whatever control they may retain.
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PTS: 1 DIF: 7
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TOP: Loss of Independence
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MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation NOT: Applying
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9. When do the conditions of a living will go into effect?
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