Exam (elaborations)
Hurley Nurs 421 Quiz questions and topics
- Course
- Nurs 421
- Institution
- University Of San Francisco
Questions and pointers/Topic points to guide you on Quiz 1
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● Physical growth milestones related to weight and length○ Length 50% increase in 1st year
○ Weight doubles by 6 months, triples by first birthday
○ Lower incisors erupt first with 6-8 teeth by first birthday
○ Fontanels close:
■ Anterior by 12-18 months
■ Posterior by 8 weeks
● Cerebral palsy: treatment and goals of treatment for a child with spastic cerebral
palsy.
○ when the brain inhibits muscle function (trouble engaging and disengaging
muscles)
■ have trouble turning off and on (all muscles engaging) muscles
which could lead to muscle spasms
○ Risk Factor -
■ preterm and very low birth weight ***
■ Birth asphyxia
■ Malformation of the brain
■ Intrauterine infection
○ How its diagnosed -
■ reflex hammer test
■ infection, very low birth weight, and preterm
■ a test of simulating a fall, normal is when they brace and CP is
when their arms are out to their sides
■ Neuro exam
■ Posture/tone
■ History
■ MRI
○ Management -
■ minimum is to be able to do daily livings
■ ambulate -
● heels down and foot out forward
■ speech therapy
■ bracing and casting
■ surgery -
● dorsal rhizotomy - (Used when meds fail)
○ removal of the nerve that causes muscle engagement
■ medications -
● botox -
○ paralytic
○ stop muscles from contracting
● baclofen -
○ a pump like an insulin pump that leads into the fecal
space (where the CSF is) where it slows down muscle
contraction
■ occupational therapist is needed to help with swallowing
, ● Spina Bifida: 3 types: consequences and treatments for spina bifida
○ Consequences -
■ Paralysis
■ Neurogenic bowel/bladder
■ Hydrocephalus
■ Ortho abnormalities
○
■ a dimple on their back when born
■ l4 or l5 on spine
■ leads to rag doll legs
■ meningocele -
● covering of the nervous system in a sack
■ Myelomeningocele -
●
○ Treatment -
■ Surgery
● 24 hours
● 19-26 weeks
● Post 37 weeks
■ The closer the surgery to birth, the chances of walking is greater
○ can't be wrapped in a blanket or lay supine since it could break the sack
○ lying down prone post surgery
○ giving antibiotics
○ Post-op -
■ Won't know results till 1 year later
● Hydrocephalus
○ Mismatch between production and absorption of CSF
■ Prone to infection, intraventricular hemorrhage, tumor or other
structural abnormalities, and prematurity
○ Treatment -
■ coiled because as the child grows, it unwraps and grows with them
■ valve is set to opening and closing pressure
● when it meets the closing pressure, it closes
● do not want to lose all the csf fluids
○ post care -
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