NUR 418 Exam 3 | Verified with 100% Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 418
Institution
NUR 418
NUR 418 Exam 3 | Verified with 100% Correct Answers A newborn born at 32 weeks gestation is showing signs of respiratory distress, including nasal flaring, tachypnea, and use of accessory muscles. The healthcare provider suspects Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). What is the most likely cause...
A newborn born at 32 weeks gestation is showing signs of respiratory distress, including
nasal flaring, tachypnea, and use of accessory muscles. The healthcare provider
suspects Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). What is the most likely cause of the
infant's respiratory distress?
A) Inadequate surfactant production due to immature lung development
B) Inadequate blood circulation to the lungs
C) Excessive surfactant production leading to lung collapse
D) An obstruction in the upper airway causing airway resistance
Which of the following diagnostic findings would be expected in a newborn with
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)?
A) A reticulogranular pattern resembling "ground glass" on chest X-ray
B) Elevated lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio
C) High levels of phosphatidylglycerol (PG)
D) Clear lung fields on chest X-ray
Which of the following is a primary risk factor for developing Respiratory Distress
Syndrome (RDS) in a newborn?
A) Full-term gestation
B) Low birth weight
C) Premature birth
D) Maternal smoking during pregnancy
Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate for a newborn
diagnosed with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)?
A) Administering supplemental oxygen and surfactant therapy
B) Providing oral feedings to promote lung growth
C) Initiating mechanical ventilation without oxygen support
D) Delaying interventions until the infant is 36 weeks gestation
A newborn presents with nasal flaring, tachypnea, retractions, and cyanosis. The
healthcare provider suspects Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). Which of the
following lab findings is most likely to be present in this infant?
A) High levels of phosphatidylglycerol (PG)
B) Lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio greater than 2:1
,C) Elevated pH and normal oxygen levels
D) Low lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio and low phosphatidylglycerol (PG) levels
A nurse is educating a group of pregnant women about preterm labor. Which of the
following statements by the nurse is correct regarding the risk of Respiratory Distress
Syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants?
A) Preterm infants are less likely to develop RDS because they are born with mature
lungs.
B) The risk of RDS is higher the earlier the gestation, particularly before 36 weeks.
C) RDS only occurs if the infant is less than 32 weeks gestation.
D) If a preterm infant has a mature L/S ratio, they will not develop RDS.
Which of the following physical signs would the nurse most likely observe in a newborn
with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)?
A) Decreased work of breathing
B) Expiratory grunting and nasal flaring
C) Increased oxygen saturation and normal breath sounds
D) Strong, regular breathing without signs of distress
What is the underlying pathophysiology of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in
preterm infants?
A) Overproduction of lung surfactant leads to alveolar collapse
B) Underdeveloped alveolar saccules and lack of surfactant impair lung expansion
C) Excessive oxygen intake causes airway resistance and atelectasis
D) Low blood flow to the lungs causes inadequate oxygenation
A newborn is diagnosed as Small for Gestational Age (SGA). Which of the following
best describes the characteristics of this condition?
A) The newborn's weight falls below the 50th percentile for gestational age.
B) The newborn's weight is below the 10th percentile for gestational age, indicating
intrauterine growth restriction
C) The newborn's head circumference is smaller than expected, but weight is within
normal limits.
D) The newborn's weight is above the 90th percentile for gestational age.
Which of the following best describes the difference between symmetrical and
asymmetrical Small for Gestational Age (SGA) infants?
A) Symmetrical SGA infants have normal head size but small body weight, while
asymmetrical infants have both small head and body size.
B) Symmetrical SGA infants have both small head and body size, while asymmetrical
infants have a large head with a small body.
, C) Symmetrical SGA infants have both small head and body size, while asymmetrical
infants have normal head size and smaller body weight.
D) Symmetrical SGA infants have smaller weight and larger head size than
asymmetrical infants.
A nurse is assessing a newborn with an asymmetrical Small for Gestational Age (SGA)
condition. Which of the following would be most likely observed during the physical
assessment?
A) A sunken abdomen, large head, and well-developed body
B) A large head in relation to the body, muscle wasting, and lack of brown fat
C) Excessive body fat, with the head in normal proportion to the body
D) Well-rounded body and no visible signs of malnutrition
Which of the following is a common risk for Small for Gestational Age (SGA) newborns?
A) Hyperglycemia and excessive weight gain
B) Cold stress and temperature instability
C) Increased growth and development
D) Decreased susceptibility to infection
A nurse is caring for a Small for Gestational Age (SGA) infant. Which of the following
interventions is most important to prevent complications?
A) Encourage frequent feedings every 2 to 3 hours to prevent hypoglycemia.
B) Allow the infant to sleep for long periods to conserve energy.
C) Provide a high-calorie formula and reduce the number of feedings.
D) Keep the infant on a fixed feeding schedule to ensure adequate nutrition.
Which of the following conditions are Small for Gestational Age (SGA) infants more
likely to experience due to poor oxygenation and poor growth in utero?
A) Hypoglycemia, polycythemia, and infection
B) Hyperglycemia and dehydration
C) Hyperthermia and electrolyte imbalances
D) Jaundice and electrolyte imbalance
A nurse is assessing a full-term newborn who appears jaundiced at 48 hours of life. The
jaundice is progressing from the head down to the thorax and abdomen. Based on the
most likely cause, how should the nurse categorize this jaundice?
A) Pathologic jaundice, due to excessive hemolysis
B) Physiologic jaundice, due to ABO incompatibility
C) Pathologic jaundice, resulting from an underlying infection
D) Physiologic jaundice, due to immature liver function
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