-
MODS
1 -
M
Pharmacology
exam one
STUDY GUIDE
MODULE ONE
intro s analgesics
What are the common signs of
hypersensitivity/allergic : Is ?
the common
signs of hypersensitivity reaction include p. . Litching) ,
Uricartia (rash) , swollen lips/body
dyspnearshortness of breath
Whatisthedefinitionormeaning
and peak e a
of drug trough
in blood
Peak : highest drug level
What is the half life& their relationship with pharmacokinetic four steps
concept of a
drug
for the plasma concentration to decrease by half
a drug half life is how long it takes
Pharmacokinetic Steps : distribution , metabolism , Excretion
drug influenced
half life is by volume of distribution , metabolism & Excretion
What is priority of the Use opioid analgesics such
the as meriperidium related to the adverse effects
Priority of the Use of Opioids is Pain relief-CNS depression , resp depression , tolerance , addiction , pruritis,
Urinary retention constipation ; demorol has less Kidney .
damage should be used on those W/ liver/kidney dysfunct
, specifically
What is the appropriate intervention to paradoxial reactions
was intended
drugs effect is opposite to what
paradoxial reactions occur when a
the proper intervention is to discontinue the
drug Assess ,
What are the expected interventions for Opioid
toxicity or overdose
administering
what are the complications
opioid
agonist-antagonist such as Naloxone (Narcan)
of
using NSAIDS
NSAIDS can cause PUD , liver and renal impairment
What are some adverse effects the client should notify the prescribers w/ Ibprozen (motrin)
Tylenol is an NSAID
adverseeffincudedness NI , GI bleeding
,
is
Whatarethemeaningsofthe conceptof drugsynessa
What is the relationship s half life and administeration
the
consequence
smaller the half life the
of
drug frequenzy
,
higher the administration frequency
many drugs require high rate of
frequency but it can be overwhelming
,
& risk of adverse effects and
be if the drug has theraputic
can
dangerous a narrow window
What of the first-pass & IV dose
is the application effect related to Oral
distribution into the body where it is metabolized
first pass : drugs passage through liver before ,
is administered orally it must pass
through the liver , where it is metabolized
·
When a
drug
and its bioavailability decreases
whena drugis administeredby vsentdire throughthebloodstream
,
an set
·
What are some of the considerations of Ketorola > (orodol
betoroac has effects similar to that of morphine
analgesic
genually used in opioid adicted Patients
for Orthopedic injuries/surgeries
Short term use for moderate to severe acute pain
can cause renal impairmento Short term use (5 days)
What the pediatric
are effects of life span
including excrete , geriatric, and pregnancy related
distributein
or
to pharmacokinetic process absorb
Pediatric : infants / children are way adults can
not able to metabolize the same
Geriatrics : in older ,
things a
as in GI
(absorption), ↓in muscles tissue mass (distribution),
adults such
emptying
liver impairment (metabolism / and renal impairment (excretion) 21st tri most dangerous]
Pregnancy When pregnant it is important to avoid medications that can cross the placental barrier as they
:
can harm the fetus
which can blood volume and alteration effect absorption, there is an
there are hormonal changes in
in plasma protiens that can effect dist, there is alteration of enzymes anda hepatic blood flow which
effects absorption there renal bloodfiow
reabsorption changes & in are
consider drug properties , fetal
gestational age, maternal factors
properties : molecular
drug Ist weight , protein binding , lipid solubility , chem structure
trim : Most at risk , 3rd: time it is cross placental barrier /3rd trims last)
most easy to
:
age
Maternal : Kidney sliver function
Pediatrici in bran a
bsorption:dempt paintramuscularabsorptirre re blood-brain
barrier ( drugs
metabolismid enzymes ,
excretion : L
, palltative controlled Anesthesia (PCA) for end cancer
What is the purpose of
stage
Patients ?
and to not to prevent addiction
to increase comfort try .
What is the order of
nursing process related to pain administeration
1 .) Assessment
.
2 ) .
Planning
.
3
) ) implementing
u S .
evaluating
MODULE 2
/knowledge about the Use of Zidovudine CAZT Retrovir
right understanding
,
What is the
antiviral HIV
Zidovidine is an
drug used to
fight activity of
inhibitor ; it's mot is to block the
It is a Reverse transcriptase
of the enzyme reverse transcriptase
of
zidovudine (AZT , Retrovir) reverse transcriptase
allows the conversion single
Bone-marrow Suppression ,
Nause and headaches
" - stranded
RNA into double helix
transcription , therefore
DNA -inhibitors
.
prevents HIV
prevent
replication
this
reverse
Zidovudine should not be mixed we acyclovir , interferon beta , cytotoxic , didanosine, gancicoviv
to HIV infected newborn babies to prevent newborns
Pregnant
women
given s
to prevent maternal transfer
counts studies need to be done
before / after Good cell &
clotting
what are the common side effects of metrondiazole
(Flagyl)
metrondiazole is used for ameibiasis (intestinal parasitic infections)
metrondiazole has many adverse effects
-Headache,dizziness ,confusion fatigue, PeripheraneuropathyWeaknes, , NIV
,
, 67
dysuria , cystitis , Neutropenia ,
Rash , pruvitis
What are the appropriate preventions to avoid drug induced photosensitivity
stay out of sunlight
No tanning bed
sunscreen protective clothing
wear
common drug-food interaction W/ Cephalosporins
Ethanol ,
Antacids , iron , probenecid , Oval contraceptive
↳ can cause cramps , NIV diaphoresis, pruritis , headache, hypotension
antabuse - ,
associated use
What are nursing considerations the
W/ of amoxicillin ,
including full
on drug
reactions W , contraceptive pills
course allergic reactions , & drug ,
amoxicillin is a high allergen-can cause uricartia , pruritis and ,
angioedema.
can also cause maculopapular eruptions , cosiniphilia 55 , syndrome
a moxicillin d efficacy of oral contraceptives
if treatment stops before full course completion , bacteria can continue to multiply
What is the purpose of
highty antiretroviral therapy CHAART)
to ↓ drug resistance so effectivity
delay
progression ,
prolony survival ,
maintain quality of life
What lab tests should be ordered prior to administeration of lefotaxime (Claforan)
lefotaxime is a 3rd gen Cephalosporin
?????
What antibiotics admin. process
are the considerations of
what is the MoA
What is the route
What is indication
