UST Oral Exam Practice Questions An
Answers With Verified Solutions 100%
Correct Latest Updated 2024
Jerome Bruner - ANSWER✔✔ Readiness,
Modes of representation (enactive, iconic, symbolic) A child can learn any subject
at their appropriate developmental level
Schema
Anti-behaviorism
Education as discovery
Spiral curriculum
Constructivism
Richard Colwell - ANSWER✔✔ American Researcher and University instructor
Editor of Handbook of Research on Music Teaching and Learning
Believes that music educators should see accountability as opportunity
Created the MAT test (different from Gordon's MAP test) in 1969
Albert Bandura - ANSWER✔✔ Modeling
B.F. Skinner - ANSWER✔✔ Study of overt behavior
Conditioning to elicit the type of response you want
Reinforcement/punishment
Benjamin Bloom - ANSWER✔✔ Hierarchy of lower level thinking processes vs.
higher level thinking processes
,Carl Orff - ANSWER✔✔ Imitation-Exploration- Improvisation-Composition
Literacy as secondary goal
Children as independent musicians
Improvisation and creativity
Sound before symbol
Sing/say/dance/play
E.D. Hirsch - ANSWER✔✔ Core knowledge
Lists of what every American child should know
Music is included in core knowledge list
Edwin Gordon - ANSWER✔✔ Audiation
Musical aptitude tests
Gordon method (music learning theory)
Emphasis on aural/oral training
Sound before symbol
Elliott Eisner - ANSWER✔✔ 7 modes of thinking
Arts advocate
Worked to make arts central to school's missions (art teacher)
Eunice Boardman - ANSWER✔✔ Generative Theory of Music Education,
Constructivism
Allowing children to construct their own learning
, Iconic notation
Known-through unknown-to new known
Frances Rauscher - ANSWER✔✔ "Mozart Effect" (spatial reasoning and music)
Music in early childhood beneficial
Advocacy of music ed because of non-musical benefits
Howard Gardner - ANSWER✔✔ Multiple intelligences
Harvard Project Zero
Helped shift thinking away from one means of intelligence
Provided justification for studying music in schools
Music as a separate intelligence rather than a tool for teaching other subjects
Jackie Wiggins - ANSWER✔✔ Constructivism
Social learning
Real-world musical problem solving
Jacques Emile Dalcroze - ANSWER✔✔ Learning music through movement
Improvisation
"A gesture for every sound and a sound for every gesture"
Three Key Aspects: Eurhythmics/Solfege/ Improvisation
Jean Piaget - ANSWER✔✔ Stages of development (moving from concrete to
abstract thinking)
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