Nurs 350: fluid and electrolytes Exam
Questions And Answers (Guaranteed A+)
Fluids and electrolytes - answer✔
fluid and electrolyte balance - answer✔-necessary for homeostasis
-proper body functioning
-survival
fluids - answer✔-mainly water
-provide transport for vital substances to and from cells (proteins, hormones, glucose, e-lytes)
-amt of fluids and e-lytes kept in narrow limits of normal
-water content varies with age, gender, fat content
why are older adults more at risk for fluid imbalances? - answer✔-they have less body water
intracellular fluid (ICF) - answer✔-inside the cell
-2/3 of the fluid is there
extracellular fluid (ECF) - answer✔-outside the cell
-1/3 of the fluid is there
-intravascular: inside of a vessel or vascular space (plasma)
-interstitial: within the tissue
-transcellular: tiny amt of fluid in special cavitites (GI, CSF, pleural, pericardial)
pleural cavity - answer✔-surrounds the lungs so they can move smoothly inside the cavity
(lubrication)
-10 ml, no more than 30 ml
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
pericardial sac - answer✔-surrounds heart
-same as pleural cavity b/c its for lubrication purposes
fluid compartments of body - answer✔-ECF= 20%, 1/3
-ICF= 40%, 2/3
-plasma= 3 L
-interstitial fluid= 10 L
-intracellular fluid= 28 L
-40% solids
hydrostatic pressure - answer✔-in BV it's the blood pressure generated by heart contraction
-it's a force within fluid compartment
-at the capillary level hydrostatic pressure is the major force that pushes water out of the
vascular system and into the interstitial space
oncotic pressure - answer✔-caused by plasma proteins (colloids) in solution- that's why it's also
called colloidal osmotic pressure
-plasma protein molecules attract water, pulling fluid from tissue space to vascular space
(magnet- opposite of hydrostatic pressure)
if there are changes in capillary or interstitial pressures... - answer✔-fluid may shift abnormally
from one compartment to another resulting in edema or dehydration
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