This is a comprehensive and summary on;Acute Coronary Syndrome and MI and it's . Types. ECG findings. Pathophysiology. Labs. Medications. Clinicals manifestations.
*An Essential Study Resource!!
Acute Coronary Syndrome
and Myocardial Infarction
ACS Definition Types Ischemia:
T Wave
depression
Sudden decrease in coronary blood unstable angina
ßow to the heart myocardial ischemia without NSTEMI: ST
Emergency situatio infarction depression
non-ST segment elevation
myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) STEMI: ST
elevation (MI)
supply and demand donÕt match
ST segment elevation myocardial
Paophysiology infarction (STEMI)
complete coronary artery blockage
unstable angina Labs For ACS
reduced blood ßow to coronary artery
most likely due to rupture of atherosclerotic plaque cardiac enzymes, troponin,
Myocardial infarction creatine kinase, myoglobin
plaque rupture and thrombus formation resulting in complete Elevated troponin is a cardiac
occlusion of artery leads to ischemia and necrosis biomarker for STEMI
vasospasm
sudden constriction/narrowing of coronary artery Assessment
decreasing oxygen supply increasing oxygen demand Prompt ECG
a cause of MI Establish IV access
ÒMONAÓ
Clinical manifestations morphine
Sudden chest pain persisting after rest/medication Oxygen
Cardiogenic Shock S&S nitrates
hypotension Aspirin (High Dose)
tachycardia
Medical history Lipid lowering agents (Statins)
Hypertension stabilizes plaque
diaphoresis dyslipidemia
cool/pale/moist skin Beta blocker
smoking decreases oxygen demand
Acute HF S&S diabetes
JVD Reperfusion therapy
family history of MI
crackles
S Medications Ca Lab Meds
edema Antiplatelets ACE/ARB BP
Diagnosis of CAD (possibly) Aspirin/clopidogrel Benzodiazepine
ÒPRILSÓ
shortness of breath Vasodilator Midazolam for anxiety
Benazapril etc
indigestion nitroglycerin Opioid
antidysrhythmic
nausea Opioid (pain) fentanyl
Amiodarone
anxiety Morphine Laxatives
tachypnea beta blockers BP, HR stool softeners
Antianginal docusate
metoprolol, atenolol
lipid lowering agents Lipids
simastatin, lovastatin etc
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