What is a Transforming Infection? - correct answer Virus that alters cell DNA, leading to cancer
What is a lysogenic infection? - correct answer Phage DNA is incorporated into host genome and is passed on to subsequent generations
What is a Lytic Bacteriophage Infection? - correct answer Host...
StraighterLine BIO250 - Microbiology Final
Exam Study Guide
What is a Transforming Infection? - correct answer Virus that alters cell DNA, leading to cancer
What is a lysogenic infection? - correct answer Phage DNA is incorporated into host genome and is
passed on to subsequent generations
What is a Lytic Bacteriophage Infection? - correct answer Host cell gets so packed with viruses that is
lyses (splits) open and releases mature virions
What are the three principle purposes of cultivating viruses? - correct answer 1.) Isolate and ID viruses in
clinical specimens
2.) Prepare viruses for vaccines
3.) Research viral strucutre, multiplication cycles, genetics, and effects on hosts
What are three ways in which viruses are cultivated? - correct answer 1.) Using live animal inoculation
2.) Using bird embryos
3.) Using cell (tissue) culture techniques
What are three noncellular infections agents besides viruses? - correct answer Prions, viroids, and
satellite viruses.
List the essential nutrients of a bacterial cell: - correct answer CHONPS
C - arbon
H - ydrogen
N - itrogen
P - hosphate
S - ulphur
What are four terms that describe an organisms source of Carbon and Energy? - correct answer
Photoautotrophos, chemoautotrophs, chemoheterotrophs, lithoautotrophs
,StraighterLine BIO250 - Microbiology Final
Exam Study Guide
Define Saprobe: - correct answer A microbe that decomposes organic remains from dead organisms
Define Parasite - correct answer An organism that lives in or within a host from which it obtains nutrients
and enjoys protection. Produces some degree of harm to host
Define Diffusion: - correct answer movement from high to low
Define Osmosis: - correct answer Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
hypotonic cell: - correct answer cells that are less concentrated than their environment; water rushes in,
may burst cell
hypertonic cell: - correct answer cells that are more concentrated than their environment; water rushes
out of the cell causing it to shrivel
isotonic cell: - correct answer extracellular environment has the same concentration of solutes as the cell
cytoplasm
types of passive transport - correct answer Facilitated diffusion, molecule-specific, simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion - correct answer passive transport: Movement of specific molecules across cell
membranes through protein channels by binding to receptors
molecule specific
transport - correct answer Passive transport goes both directions. Rate is limited by number of binding
sites on transport proteins
simple diffusion - correct answer Fundamental property of atoms and molecults that exist in a state of
random motion
, StraighterLine BIO250 - Microbiology Final
Exam Study Guide
Name three types of active transport: - correct answer Carrier mediated, group translocation, bulk
transport
Carrier-mediated Transport is... - correct answer Active transport where atoms or molecules are pumped
into or out of the cell by specialized receptors
Group translocation transport is.... - correct answer Active transport where molecule is moved across
membrane and converted to a metabolically useful substance
Bulk transport is.... - correct answer active transport of large particles/cells/liquids by enfulcing in a
vesicle (e.g. endocytosis, phagocytosis, etc.)
Ways in which different organisms dead with oxygen... - correct answer Can use oxygen and detoxify is,
can neither use nor detoxify is, cannot use but can detoxify it.
What are the five types of associations microbes can have with their hosts? - correct answer Mutualism,
Commensalism, Parasitism, Antagonism, Synergism
Define mutualism - correct answer both organisms benefit
Define commensalism - correct answer one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped
Define Parasitism - correct answer one species benefits (parasite) and the other is harmed (host)
Define Antagonism - correct answer Members of a community compete (some members are inhibited or
destroyed by others.
Define synergism - correct answer an optional cooperation where both species benefit, but can grow
independently
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