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Exam 4 (nurse 165) questions and answers (100- accuracy)
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Exam 4 (nurse 165) questions and answers (100- accuracy)
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Exam 4 (nurse 165)questions and answers
(100% accuracy)
Ethics - answer > a learned skill
> nurses make ethical decisions on a regular basis, but is often not
covered in nursing curricula
>system for making decisions about help and harm to others
values - answer >concepts or ideals that give meaning to our lives;
religion,societal, norms,family
> framework for making decisions
morals - answer >Fundamental standards of right and wrong ;
religion,groups,norms,customs,traditions
Laws - answer human rules of conduct that protect society; fairness and
justice
*ethics goes beyond law
(enforcable by police force and applied equally to all persons)
ethics - answer > declarations of right,wrong,what ought to be
ethical dilemma - answer >conflict between two systems
(choosing the better of two)
autonomy - answer the right of self-determination, independence, and
freedom
*patient makes decisions for self(even if health professional does not
agree)
,*Right to refuse treatment
justice - answer obligation to be fair to all people; equal treatment
fidelity - answer obligation to be faithful to commitments
beneficence - answer obligation to do good in nursing
> oldest requirements of the healthcare profession
Nonmaleficence - answer do no harm, intentional or unintentional
> nurses protect the vulnerable
veracity - answer truthfulness, right to know
obligations - answer demands to fulfill and honor the rights of others
legal obligations - answer enforceable formal statements
moral obligations - answer obligations based on moral or ethical
principles, may not be legally enforceable
rights - answer owed to an individual based on legal claims,legal
guarantees, moral or ethical principles
(rights are not priveleges)
welfare rights (legal rights) - answer based on legal entitlement
Ethical rights (moral rights) - answer based on moral or ethical principles
Option rights (basic human rights) - answer based on belief in
fundamental human dignity and freedom
, ethics committee - answer *established by more and more facilities to help
employees with ethical dilemma
*usually involve a variety of members(nurse,doctor,administrator,and so
on)
Decision-Making Process (problem-solving method) - answer
>collect,analyze,and interpret data
> state the dilemma
> consider courses of action
> analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each action
> accept the consequences of the decision
The American Nurses Association of code ethics, 2015 - answer
ethical systems- utilitarianism - answer > do what is most useful
> Good: happiness, pleasure
> Rules change based on circumstance
> Easy to use in many situations
> uncertain definitions and changeability means there is no real truth;
Nazis saw human experimentation as good
> "Good" of the group comes before that of the individual
Ethical Systems - Deontology - answer > Formalistic
> ethical decision-making based on formal rules and principles
> decisions not based on consequences but principles
>Categorically imperative
(can be simple to apply, but dilemmas arise if the applier thinks there is
conflict between or among principle)
Nursing Code of Ethics - answer > can trace at least to nightingale pledge
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