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Test Bank For Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition Sheila All Chapters | A+ ULTIMATE GUIDE

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  • Essentials Of Pediatric Nursing
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  • Essentials Of Pediatric Nursing

Test Bank For Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition Sheila All Chapters | A+ ULTIMATE GUIDE

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  • November 30, 2024
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Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health 9th Edition Test
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Bank
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Chapter 1- Concepts of Health and Disease
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1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions
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nmfocusedon the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the
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nmfollowing commentsmade by nurses during a discussion session, which
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nmstatements would be considered a good representation of the WHO definition?
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nmSelect all that apply. nm nm nm


A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities
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as bookreviews and word games during social time
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B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the
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skilled carefacilities
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C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed withnm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm


diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home
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cookingclasses
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D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their
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hemodialysissessions
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E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young
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nmchildrenAns: A, B, C, E nm nm nm nm nm


Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as ―a state of complete physical,
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nmmental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and
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nminfirmity.‖ Engaging in book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being;
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nmchair aerobics helps facilitate physical well-being; and assisting with tight
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nmcontrol of diabetes helps with facilitating physical well-being even though the
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nmperson has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vitalin the prevention of disease
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm m
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nmand spread of germs.
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2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the
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nmlarge variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm


nmThe nurse is referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S.
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nmDepartment of Health andHuman Services as a teaching example. Of the
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nmfollowing aspects discussed, which would be considered a determinant of
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nmhealth that is outside the focus of this report?
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A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native
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American descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize
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effects of stress.
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B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to
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hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment
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regime. nm


C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.
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D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access
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to manyhealth care facilities.
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Ans: B nm


Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as
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nmusing alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity
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nmand promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits);
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nmand promoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with
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Page 1 nm

, good access tohealth care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control
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high cholesterol levelswithin the presence of a family history of CV disease
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does not meet the ―attaining lives free of preventable disease and premature
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death‖ determinant.
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Page 2
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,3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a
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nmlarge, university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the
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nmdifferentiation between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and
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nmdiseases that cause disease.Which of the following patients most clearly
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nmdemonstrates the consequences of molecules that cause disease?
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A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a
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transfusion ofpacked red blood cells
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B) A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting
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from familial hypercholesterolemia
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C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring
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oxygentherapy and chest physiotherapy
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D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
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(PCP) andis HIV positive.
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Ans: D nm


Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to
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nmdisease. Sicklecell anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are
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nmall examples of the effects of abnormal molecules.
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4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and
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nmpathogenesis of a number of clients who are under his care in a hospital
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nmcontext. Which of the followingaspects of clients' situations best characterizes
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nmpathogenesis rather than etiology? nm nm nm


A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
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B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
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C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
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D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle
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nmaccidentAns: B nm nm


Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such
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nmas theincreasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria,
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nmpoisons, and traumatic injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
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Page 3 nm

, 5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement
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has arrived to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a
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review of the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which
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statement by the patientverifies to the nurse that he has understood the nurse's
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teachings about coronary artery disease?
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A) ―All I have to do is stop smoking, and then I won't have any more heart
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attacks.‖ nm


B) ―My artery was clogged by fat, so I will need to stop eating fatty
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foods likeFrench fries every day.‖
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C) ―Sounds like this began because of inflammation inside my artery that
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made iteasy to form fatty streaks, which lead to my clogged artery.‖
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D) ―If I do not exercise regularly to get my heart rate up, blood pools in
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the veins causing a clot that stops blood flow to the muscle, and I will
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have a heart attack.‖
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Ans: C nm


Feedback:
The true etiology/cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown; however,
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the pathogenesis of the disorder relates to the progression of the inflammatory
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process froma fatty streak to the occlusive vessel lesion seen in people with
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coronary artery disease. Risk factors for CAD revolve around cigarette
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smoking, diet high in fat, and lack of exercise.
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6. A 77-year-old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT)
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is assessing theclient for the first time. Which of the following aspects of the
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patient's current state of health would be best characterized as a symptom
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rather than a sign?
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A) The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry.
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B) The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
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C) The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower
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lung fieldsbilaterally.
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D) The patient's respiratory rate is 31
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breaths/minute.Ans: B
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Feedback:
Symptoms are subjective complaints by the person experiencing the health
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problem, such as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening
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to breath sounds, and respiratory rate are all objective, observable signs of
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disease.
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Page 4 nm

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