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HESI Fundamentals New update 2025

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A client with cancer who has been taking opioid analgesics for two years now requires increased doses to obtain pain relief. he client expresses fear about becoming addicted to these drugs. What information should the practical nurse (PN) provide? - Answer--Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief...

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  • November 30, 2024
  • 23
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • HESI Fundamentals
  • HESI Fundamentals
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Air or Pulmonary Embolism - Answer--S/S chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, pale/cyanotic, sense of
impending doom. (turn pt to LEFT side and LOWER the head of bed.)



Tube feeding with decreased LOC - Answer--Pt on Right side (promotes emptying of the stomach) Head
of bed elevated (prevent aspiration)



After lumbar puncture and oil based myelogram - Answer--pt is flat SUPINE (prevent headache and
leaking of CSF)



Pt with heat stroke - Answer--flat with legs elevated



during Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI) - Answer--catheter is taped to the thigh. leg must be kept
straight.



After Myringotomy - Answer--position on the side of AFFECTED ear, allows drainage.



After Cataract surgery - Answer--pt sleep on UNAFFECTED side with a night shield for 1-4 weeks



after Thyroidectomy - Answer--low or semi-fowler's position, support head, neck and shoulders.



Infant with Spina Bifida - Answer--Prone so that sac does not rupture

,Buck's Traction (skin) - Answer--elevate foot of bed for counter traction



After total hip replacement - Answer--don't sleep on side of surgery, don't flex hip more than 45-60
degress, don't elevate Head Of Bed more than 45 degrees. Maintain hip abduction by separating thighs
with pillows.



Prolapsed cord - Answer--Knee to chest or Trendelenburg



Cleft Lip - Answer--position on back or in infant seat to prevent trauma to the suture line. while feeding
hold in upright position.



To prevent dumping syndrome - Answer--(post operative ulcer/stomach surgeries) eat in reclining
position. Lie down after meals for 20-30 min. also restrict fluids during meals, low CHO and fiber diet.
small, frequent meals.



AKA (above knee amputation) - Answer--elevate for first 24 hours on pillow. position prone daily to
maintain hip extension.



BKA (below knee amputation) - Answer--foot of bed elevated for first 24 hours. position prone to
provide hip extension.



detached retina - Answer--area of detachment should be in the dependent position



administration of enema - Answer--pt should be left side lying (Sim's) with knee flexed.



After infratentorial surgery - Answer--(incision at the nape of neck) position pt flat and lateral on either
side.

, Autonomic Dysreflexia/Hyperreflexia - Answer--S/S pounding headache, profuse sweating, nasal
congestion, chills, bradycardia, hypertension. Place client in sitting position (elevate HOB) FIRST!



Shock - Answer--bedrest with extremities elevated 20 degrees. knees straight, head slightly elevated
(modified Trendelenberg)



Head Injury - Answer--elevate HOB 30 degrees to decrease ICP



Peritoneal Dialysis (when outflow is inadequate) - Answer--turn pt from side to side BEFORE checking for
kinks in tubing



Lumbar Puncture - Answer--After the procedure, the pt should be supine for 4-12 hours as prescribed.



Myesthenia Gravis - Answer--worsens with exercise and improves with rest



Myesthenia Gravis - Answer--a positive reaction to Tensilon---will improve symptoms



Cholinergic Crisis - Answer--Caused by excessive medication ---stop giving Tensilon...will make it worse.



Liver biopsy (prior) - Answer--must have lab results for prothrombin time



Myxedema/ hypothyroidism - Answer--slowed physical and mental function, sensitivity to cold, dry skin
and hair.



Grave's Disease/ hyperthyroidism - Answer--accelerated physical and mental function. Sensitivity to
heat. Fine/soft hair.

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