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Chapter 33 Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
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- Galen College Of Nursing
Chapter 33 Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
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Chapter 33: Alterations of the Female Reproductive SystemMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. An 18-year-old female is diagnosed with dysmenorrhea. Which of the following
symptoms will she most likely experience?
a. Absence of menstruation
b. Painful menstruation
c. Unusually long menstrual period
d. Menstrual irregularity
ANS: B
Primary dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation associated with the release of prostaglandins
in ovulatory cycles. Absence of menstruation is referred to as amenorrhea. Dysfunctional
bleeding would describe both unusually long and irregular menstrual periods.
REF: p. 805
2. A 20-year-old female presents with pelvic and back pain severe enough to miss work
beginning with the onset of menses. Physical examination supports the diagnosis of primary
dysmenorrhea. The most likely cause of her condition is:
a. lack of estrogen.
b. stress.
c. elevated prostaglandins.
d. poor nutrition.
ANS: C
Primary dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation associated with the release of prostaglandins in
ovulatory cycles; it is not associated with the lack of estrogen, stress, or poor nutrition.
REF: p. 805
3. A 25-year-old female presents with amenorrhea and hirsutism and is diagnosed
with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Lab testing will most likely reveal:
a. estrogen deficit.
b. genetic cancerous mutations.
c. cortisol excess.
d. hyperinsulinemia.
ANS: D
Glucose intolerance/insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia often run parallel and
markedly aggravate the hyperandrogenic state, thus contributing to the severity of signs and
symptoms of PCOS. Estrogen levels are elevated with PCOS. Cancer is not associated with
the lab findings of PCOS. Cortisol levels are not elevated in PCOS.
REF: p. 808
4. A 30-year-old female with newly diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is being
counseled by her OB-GYN. The physician indicates that this condition often results in:
, a. ovarian cancer.
b. infertility.
c. early menopause.
d. pelvic inflammatory disease.
ANS: B
Because FSH levels are not totally depressed, new follicular growth is continuously
stimulated, but not to full maturation and ovulation. Symptoms are related to anovulation and
hyperandrogenism and include infertility. PCOS is not associated with ovarian cancer, early
menopause, or pelvic inflammatory disease.
REF: p. 808
5. A 23-year-old sexually active female presents with white copious discharge and itch and
is diagnosed with yeast vaginitis. This condition is caused by overgrowth of which
microorganism?
a. Escherichia coli
b. Lactobacillus acidophilus
c. Candida albicans
d. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
ANS: C
The most common cause of yeast vaginitis is Candida albicans. Changes in the vaginal pH
may predispose a woman to such an infection by destroying normal vaginal flora, facilitating
overgrowth of Candida albicans and causing a yeast infection. E. coli does not cause yeast
vaginitis nor does Lactobacillus acidophilus. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the cause of
gonorrhea.
REF: p. 812
6. The descent of the bladder and the anterior vaginal wall into the vaginal canal is called a:
a. rectocele.
b. varicocele.
c. cystocele.
d. urethrocele.
ANS: C
A cystocele is the descent of the bladder into the vaginal canal. A rectocele is the bulging
of the rectum and posterior vaginal wall into the vaginal canal. A varicocele is the
abnormal dilation of a vein within the spermatic cord. A urethrocele is sagging of the
urethra.
REF: p. 814
7. The nurse would anticipate the treatment for pelvic organ prolapse to be:
a. insertion of a urinary catheter.
b. a pessary.
c. dietary fiber.
d. urinary antispasmodics.
ANS: B
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