Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 41 Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
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- Galen College Of Nursing
Chapter 41 Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
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Chapter 41: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the IntegumentMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Fat cells are located in the:
a. epidermis.
b. dermis.
c. hypodermis.
d. fascia beneath the skin.
ANS: C
The hypodermis, also referred to as the subcutaneous layer, is an underlying layer of
connective tissue that contains macrophages, fibroblasts, and fat cells. Fat cells are not found
in the epidermis, the dermis, or the fascia
REF: p. 1053
2. Of the sweat glands, the glands are most abundant in the axillae and genital areas.
a. eccrine
b. apocrine
c. sebaceous
d. subcutaneous
ANS: B
The apocrine sweat glands are located in the axillae, scalp, face, abdomen, and genital areas.
The eccrine sweat glands areNdUistRriSbuIteNdGoTveBr.thCeOboMdy, with the
greatest numbers in the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and forehead. Neither sebaceous
nor subcutaneous glands are located in the axillae and genital areas.
REF: p. 1053
3. To promote efficient wound healing, which dressing should be applied to a superficial ulcer?
a. Thick and dry
b. Flat and moist
c. Bulky and dry
d. None
ANS: B
Superficial ulcers should be covered with flat, moisture-retaining dressings.
Superficial ulcers should not be covered with dressings that are dry and thick (bulky).
Dressings should not be avoided.
REF: p. 1060
4. Individuals of which descent are more prone to developing keloids?
a. Black
b. Northern European
c. Asian
d. Native American
, ANS: A
Blacks are at greater risk for the development of keloids. Neither Northern Europeans,
Asians, nor Native Americans are at great risk for the development of keloids.
REF: p. 1060
5. A wound scar that is sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, and progressively enlarging is a
result of excessive amounts of accumulated during connective tissue repair.
a. elastin
b. collagen
c. keratin
d. calcification
ANS: B
Irregular scar formation is due to excessive fibroblast activity and collagen
formation. Irregular scar formation is not due to excessive elastin, keratin, or
calcification.
REF: p. 1060
6. An increase in is associated with pruritus.
a. substance P
b. norepinephrine
c. dopamine
d. acetylcholine
ANS: D
Acetylcholine, not substance P, is one of the itch mediators. Neither norepinephrine nor
dopamine is considered an itcNh mRe diIat orG. B.C M
U S N T O
REF: p. 1060
7. Which cells are involved in initiating immune responses in the skin?
a. Langerhans cells
b. Merkel cells
c. Keratinocytes
d. Melanocyte
ANS: A
The Langerhans cells process the antigen and carry it to T cells. T cells then become
sensitized to the antigen, inducing the release of inflammatory cytokines and the symptoms
ofdermatitis. Merkel cells are associated with nerve cells. Keratinocytes are part of the
epidermal layer of the skin and are not involved in immune responses. Melanocytes
synthesize the skin’s pigment.
REF: p. 1061
8. A 25-year-old paralyzed male develops a dermal pressure ulcer. When assessing the patient’s
skin, which finding is the first indication of this ulcer?
a. Redness
b. Whiteness
c. Indurations
d. Ulceration
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