In-depth AS Human Geography notes covering all of the syllabus points in order for Population, Migration and Settlement Dynamics. I scored an A* across this course and dropped very few marks on this paper. I now read Geography at Durham University. These notes have plenty of detail for anybody aimi...
Tips : QUOTE data from the table on the first section and always quote anomalies/trends
• General : China and India comprise around 37% of world population. Projected to be 44% in 2040.Africa follows
with 1.2 billion people.
• More than half the growth between now and 2050 will occur in Africa where the current birth rate is high but will
quickly fall.
• 48 least developed will treble from 1bn in 2015 to 1.9 in 2050 and 3.2 in 2100.
• More pensioners than children by 2015 (UN)
• Realignment of policies is needed for 21st century
• By 2050, 4 out of 5 live in developing countries (currently 2/3)
• Financial security and health are main concerns
• Social protection floors
• Social services for older people - Few countries have approved national policies on ageing. Rights of older
people are currently not respected.
- Elderly cost/benefit?
• Elderly are market to be exploited :
- Goods and services
- Savings in banks and pension funds
- Wealth is available for the next generation
- Simply allow migration
- Women entering the workforce
• Elderly are bad :
- Population of pension age increase by 32% in uk
- Ratio of workers to elderly is declining
- Need for elderly services
PoLICIES
• Increase age of retirement
• Pro-natalist policies can increase the dependency ratio and a child born will consume resources
• Migration is environmentally sound - People are only be redistributed rather than added
Pro Natal :
• Subsidise people taking maternity/paternity leave
• Consider real costs of raising a child and lift burdens off parents
Selective Immigration :
• Allow quotas of economic migrants and assess individuals to maximise the influx of those who have the most to
contribute.
• Deter those likely to seek assistance in the form of benefits
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