Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry- Chapter 18 Key Terms Exam Questions Answered Correctly
aminotransferases - Answers Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of amino groups from α-amino to α-keto acids; also called transaminases.
transaminases - Answers Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a...
aminotransferases - Answers Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of amino groups from α-amino to α-
keto acids; also called transaminases.
transaminases - Answers Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of amino groups from α-amino to α-keto
acids; also called aminotransferases.
transamination - Answers Enzymatic transfer of an amino group from an α-amino to an α-keto acid.
pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) - Answers A coenzyme containing the vitamin pyridoxine (vitamin B₆);
functions in amino group transfer reactions.
oxidative deamination - Answers A form of deamination that generates α-keto acids and other oxidized
products from amine-containing compounds, and occurs largely in the liver and kidney.
ʟ-glutamate dehydrogenase - Answers An enzyme, present in most microbes and the mitochondria of
eukaryotes, as are some of the other enzymes required for urea synthesis, that converts glutamate to α-
ketoglutarate, and vice versa.
glutamine synthetase - Answers An enzyme that plays an essential role in the metabolism of nitrogen by
catalyzing the condensation of glutamate and ammonia to form glutamine:
glutaminase - Answers An amidohydrolase enzyme that generates glutamate from glutamine.
glucose-alanine cycle - Answers The series of reactions in which amino groups and carbons from muscle
are transported to the liver; also known as the Cahill cycle.
ammonotelic - Answers Excreting excess nitrogen in the form of ammonia.
ureotelic - Answers Excreting excess nitrogen in the form of urea.
uricotelic - Answers Excreting excess nitrogen in the form of urate (uric acid).
urea cycle - Answers A cyclic metabolic pathway in vertebrate liver that synthesizes urea from amino
groups and carbon dioxide.
urea - Answers Also known as carbamide, an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH₂)₂. This
amide has two -NH₂ groups joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group.
creatine kinase - Answers Catalyses the conversion of creatine and utilizes adenosine triphosphate to
create phosphocreatine and adenosine diphosphate.
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