Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry- Chapter 9 Key Terms Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Update 2024
genome - Answers All the genetic information encoded in a cell or virus.
genomics - Answers A science devoted broadly to the understanding of cellular and organism genomes.
systems biol...
genome - Answers All the genetic information encoded in a cell or virus.
genomics - Answers A science devoted broadly to the understanding of cellular and organism genomes.
systems biology - Answers The study of complex biochemical systems, integrating information from
genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.
cloning - Answers The production of large numbers of identical DNA molecules, cells, or organisms from
a single, ancestral DNA molecule, cell, or organism.
vector - Answers A DNA molecule known to replicate autonomously in a host cell, to which a segment of
DNA may be spliced to allow its replication in a cell; for example, a plasmid or an artificial chromosome.
recombinant DNA - Answers DNA formed by the joining of genes into new combinations.
recombinant DNA technology - Answers The joining together of DNA molecules from two different
species that are inserted into a host organism to produce new genetic combinations that are of value to
science, medicine, agriculture, and industry.
genetic engineering - Answers Any process by which genetic material, particularly DNA, is altered by a
molecular biologist.
restriction endonucleases - Answers Site-specific endodeoxyribonucleases that cleave both strands of
DNA at points in or near the specific site recognized by the enzyme; important tools in genetic
engineering.
DNA ligases - Answers Enzymes that create a phosphodiester bond between the 3' end of one DNA
segment and the 5' end of another.
plasmid - Answers An extrachromosomal, independently replicating, small circular DNA molecule;
commonly employed in genetic engineering.
bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) - Answers A DNA construct, based on a functional fertility plasmid
(or F-plasmid), used for transforming and cloning in bacteria, usually E. coli.
yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) - Answers Genetically engineered chromosomes derived from the
DNA of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is then ligated into a bacterial plasmid.
expression vector - Answers A vector incorporating sequences that allow the transcription and
translation of a cloned gene.
baculovirus - Answers Any of a group of double-stranded DNA viruses that infect invertebrates,
particularly insects; widely used for protein expression in biotechnology.
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