Summary

Samenvatting psychomotoriek KBK

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Course
Kinesitherapie bij kinderen

Institution
Universiteit Antwerpen (UA)

Samenvatting psychomotoriek KBK hoofdstukken: - INLEIDING PSYCHOMOTORIEK (SYNDROMEN & NEURALE ONTWIKKELINGSSTOORNISSEN) - Schrijfmotoriek - DCD & Praxis - autisme spectrum stoornis (ASS) - Psychomotoriek: onderzoek & behandeling

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Uploaded on December 3, 2024
Number of pages 59
Written in 2023/2024
Type Summary

psychomotoriek
kbk

Institution
Universiteit Antwerpen (UA)
Education
Kinesitherapie en revalidatiewetenschappen
Course
Kinesitherapie bij kinderen

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Samenvatting Kinesitherapie bij kinderen

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1. Summary - Samenvatting zindelijkheid kbk
2. Summary - Samenvatting balans
3. Summary - Samenvatting psychomotoriek kbk
4. Summary - Samenvatting pediatrie kbk
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Kinesitherapie bij kinderen (Psychomotoriek)
KINESITHERAPIE BIJ KINDEREN (PSYCHOMOTORIEK)..........................1

Inleiding Psychomotoriek (Syndromen & Neurale ontwikkelingsstoornissen)............................................................3
Definitie Psychomotoriek............................................................................................................................................3
Uitgangspunten Psychomotoriek....................................................................................................................................4
Eenheid van lichaam & geest......................................................................................................................................4
Situering binnen menselijk bewegen..........................................................................................................................5
Leer van menselijk bewegen..................................................................................................................................5
Opvoeding & ontwikkeling.....................................................................................................................................5
Bewegingsontwikkelingsstoornis...........................................................................................................................5
Onderlinge relatie tussen soma, psyche & omgeving................................................................................................6
Bij welke kinderen?................................................................................................................................................6
Stoornissen bij kinderen.........................................................................................................................................7

Genetische syndromen => groepsopdracht............................................................................................................... 7
Klinische tekenen  symptomen........................................................................................................................................8

Schrijfmotoriek........................................................................................................................................................ 8
1. Schrijven in dit tijdperk................................................................................................................................................8
Motorisch....................................................................................................................................................................9
Cognitief......................................................................................................................................................................9
Motivationeel..............................................................................................................................................................9
Prevalentie schrijfmoeilijkheden................................................................................................................................9
Conclusie...................................................................................................................................................................10
Schrijfhouding...........................................................................................................................................................10
Pengreep...................................................................................................................................................................12
Kribbelstadia.............................................................................................................................................................12
Ontwikkeling van het tekenen..................................................................................................................................13
Fase 1: voorbereidend schrijven...............................................................................................................................14
Linkshandigen.......................................................................................................................................................14
Pengreep..............................................................................................................................................................14
Schrijfbewegingen................................................................................................................................................15
Gepast Schrijfmateriaal........................................................................................................................................15
Fase 2: aanvankelijk schrijven...................................................................................................................................17
Fase 3: voortgezette schrijven..................................................................................................................................17
2. schrijfproblemen & oorzaken....................................................................................................................................18
De grootste knelpunten in niet vloeiend, houterig schrijven:..................................................................................19
3. ontwikkeling van het schrijven..................................................................................................................................19
Ontwikkeling van de richtingen................................................................................................................................20
Ontwikkeling van de pengreep.................................................................................................................................20
Voorbereidend schrijven...........................................................................................................................................21
4. evaluatie van de schrijfmotoriek...............................................................................................................................21
Evaluatie van het schrijven.......................................................................................................................................21
Product-procesevaluatie...........................................................................................................................................21
SOS-2-VL...............................................................................................................................................................21
Beery VMI.............................................................................................................................................................22
Bijkomend onderzoek...............................................................................................................................................22
5. behandeling van schrijf motorische problemen........................................................................................................23
Behandeling..............................................................................................................................................................23
Oefenen van de schrijfvoorwaarden........................................................................................................................23
Oefenen op het voorbereidend schrijven.................................................................................................................23
Oefenen op het aanvankelijk schrijven.....................................................................................................................24
Oefenen op het voortgezette schrijven....................................................................................................................24
6. onderzoek van de schrijfmotoriek.............................................................................................................................24

DCD & Praxis.......................................................................................................................................................... 25
1

, Criteria volgens DSM-5..................................................................................................................................................25
Criterium A................................................................................................................................................................26
Criterium B................................................................................................................................................................26
Criterium C................................................................................................................................................................28
Criterium D................................................................................................................................................................29
Welke problemen ondervinden kinderen met DCD?....................................................................................................29
Participatie................................................................................................................................................................29
Functies & anatomische eigenschappen..................................................................................................................31
DCD & het motorisch leerproces..............................................................................................................................32
Cognitieve fase.....................................................................................................................................................32
Associatieve fase..................................................................................................................................................32
Automatisatiefase................................................................................................................................................32
DCD vs. Dyspraxie......................................................................................................................................................34
Revalidatiemodaliteiten.................................................................................................................................................34
Trainingsmogelijkheden............................................................................................................................................34
Kleuters (tot 5 jaar)...................................................................................................................................................35
Schoolgaande kinderen (vanaf 6 jaar & ouder)........................................................................................................35
Bottum-up approach.................................................................................................................................................36
Top-down approach..................................................................................................................................................36
Evidentie bij DCD.......................................................................................................................................................37
CO-OP...................................................................................................................................................................37
NTT.......................................................................................................................................................................38
Training postural control...........................................................................................................................................40
Take home message......................................................................................................................................................40

Autisme spectrum stoornis (ASS)............................................................................................................................ 40
1. Definitie......................................................................................................................................................................40
Hoofdcriteria:............................................................................................................................................................40
4 criteria waaraan voldaan moet worden vooraleer je ASS hebt.............................................................................41
Crit. A Persistent deficits in social interaction and social communication..........................................................41
Crit. B Restricted, repetitive patterns of interests, behaviours and activitie......................................................42
Crit. C Symptoms manifest themselves in early childhood..................................................................................43
Crit. D Symptoms limit and impair daily functioning...........................................................................................43
2. Vroegtijdige rode vlaggen en diagnostische procedure............................................................................................43
Rode vlaggen: sociale beperking...............................................................................................................................44
Rode vlaggen communicatieve beperking................................................................................................................45
Rode vlaggen: stereotiep en repititief gedrag..........................................................................................................45
Diagnostische procedure..........................................................................................................................................45
3. Sensorische kenmerken bij ASS.................................................................................................................................46
Zintuigen...................................................................................................................................................................46
Sensorische reactiviteit.............................................................................................................................................46
Hyper-reactiveit....................................................................................................................................................46
Hypo-reactiveit.....................................................................................................................................................46
Abnormale sensorische interesse in beweging of repetitieve handelingen.............................................................47
Consequenties van sensorische kenmerken.............................................................................................................47
4. Richtlijnen voor werken met kinderen met ASS........................................................................................................47
Sociale interactie.......................................................................................................................................................47
Communicatie...........................................................................................................................................................47
Repetitieve gedragspatronen/ beperkte interesses/ beperkte activiteiten.............................................................48
Over- of ondergevoeligheid voor zintuigelijke prikkels............................................................................................48
5. Kinesitherapie bij kinderen met ASS..........................................................................................................................48
Motorisch domein.....................................................................................................................................................48

Psychomotoriek: Onderzoek & behandeling........................................................................................................... 49
1. Definitie (psychomotoriek)........................................................................................................................................49
Psychomotoriek........................................................................................................................................................50
Psychomotorische ontwikkeling...............................................................................................................................50
Psychomotorische therapie......................................................................................................................................50
2. Aanmelding................................................................................................................................................................51
Praktisch....................................................................................................................................................................51
2

, Administratieve gegevens.........................................................................................................................................51
Probleemstelling.......................................................................................................................................................51
Ontwikkelingsanamnese...........................................................................................................................................52
3. Psychomotorisch onderzoek......................................................................................................................................53
Psychomotorische testen – Motorische vaardigheden............................................................................................53
ONTWIKKELINGTESTS...........................................................................................................................................53
(1) Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development....................................................................................53
(2) Peabody Developmental Motor Scales......................................................................................................54
BASISMOTORIEK...................................................................................................................................................54
PSYCHOMOTORISCHE ONTWIKKELING................................................................................................................55
(1) Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2)............................................................................55
(2) Movement Assessment Battery for Children.............................................................................................55
(3) Motoriktest für vier-bis sechsjährige Kinder.............................................................................................56
(4) Maastrichtse Motoriek Test.......................................................................................................................56
(5) Checklist motorischer Verhaltensweisen...................................................................................................56
(6) Developmental Coordination Disorder......................................................................................................56
4. Behandelplan en evaluatie........................................................................................................................................56
A. Doelmatig..............................................................................................................................................................56
B. Planmatig Planning in de tijd:...............................................................................................................................56
C. Procesmatig...........................................................................................................................................................57
D. Regelmatig............................................................................................................................................................57
5. Behandeling en remediëring......................................................................................................................................57
A. Tekorten in de psychomotorische ontwikkeling..................................................................................................57
B. Remediërend leren...............................................................................................................................................57
C. Handvaten voor remediëring................................................................................................................................58

Inleiding Psychomotoriek (Syndromen & Neurale ontwikkelingsstoornissen)

Definitie Psychomotoriek
 De context is heel belangrijk voor het eindresultaat
 = Psychomotoriek is gebaseerd op een hollistische visie van de mens die vertrekt van de
eenheid tussen geest & lichaam
 Het begrip integreert cognitieve, emotionele en motorische aspect alsook de capaciteit
om te zijn en te ageren in een psychosociale context.

3

, o Gebruikt lichamelijke ervaring & het bewegende lichaam als aangrijpingspunten
o Om het functionele, psychomotorische & affectief-emotionele aspect van het
psychomotorisch handelen & uitdrukken te optimaliseren
o Via individuele evaluaties & doelgerichte interventies => gestreefd naar het
uitbreiden van algemene handelingscompetenties & specifieke vaardigheden naar
het bevorderen van een positief zelfbeeld & naar persoonlijk welbevinden in
evenwichtige sociale relaties

Uitgangspunten Psychomotoriek
Eenheid van lichaam & geest
 => Hollisteische visie
 Geest en lichaam samen vormen essentie van ‘mens zijn’
 Voorbeelden zijn legio:
o Kind met koorts gedraagt zich anders dan kind zonder koorts
o Blij kind huppelt, droevig kind slentert
 Psychomotoriek is gebaseerd op een hollistische visie van de mens die
vertrekt van de eenheid tussen geest & lichaam
 Het begrip integreert het cognitieve, emotionele & motorische aspect alsook
de capaciteit om te zijn en te ageren in een psychosociale context
o Of omgekeerd: fysieke klachten als gevolg van stress, angst, ...

 -> integreert cognitieve, emotionele &
motorische aspect
 + capaciteit om te zijn en te ageren =>
psychosociale context

4

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