Exam (elaborations)
BIO 151 Chapter 4 Questions answers latest update
- Course
- BIOL 151
- Institution
- University Of Wisconsin - Madison
BIO 151 Chapter 4 Questions answers latest update
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BIO 151 Chapter 4Cell Theory - 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells, and the life
processes of metabolism and heredity occur within these cells
2. cells are the smallest living things, the basic units of organization of all
organisms
3. cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell
surface area-to-volume ratio - as a cell's size increases, its volume increases much
more rapidly than its surface area
All cells have - 1. a nucleoid or nucleus where genetic material is located
2. cytoplasm
3. ribosomes to synthesize proteins
4. plasma membrane
Prokaryotes - simplest organisms
-archaea
-bacteria
Nucleoid - center of the cell where most of the genetic material lies
, nuclear envelope - double-membrane structure
-two phospholipid bilayer structure
cytoplasm - semi-fluid matrix that fills the interior of the cell
organelle - part of the cytoplasm that contains organic molecules and ions in
solution called the cytosol
plasma membrane - encloses a cell and separates its contents from its
surroundings
transport proteins - help molecules and ions move across the plasma membrane,
either from the environment to the interior of the cell or vice versa
receptor proteins - induce changes within the cell when they come in contact with
specific molecules in the environment
markers - identify a particular type of cell
ribosomes - carry out protein synthesis
-most lack membrane bound organinelles
peptidoglycan - carbo-hydrate matrix that makes up a bacterial cell wall
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