Exam (elaborations)
Bio 151 Module 6 Questions answers latest update
- Course
- BIOL 151
- Institution
- University Of Wisconsin - Madison
Bio 151 Module 6 Questions answers latest update
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Bio 151 Module 6unified cell theory - 1. all living things are composed of one or more cells
2. the cell is the basic unit of life
3. new cells arise from existing cells
2 types of cells - eukaryotic and prokaryotic
Prokaryotic cells - single-celled organism lacking nucleus or any other membrane-
bound organelle; includes nucleoid, cell wall, capsule, fimbriae, cilia, and flagella
4 things all cells share - 1. Plasma membrane
2. Cytoplasm
3. DNA
4. Ribosomes
peptidoglycan cell wall - bacteria; extra layer of protection, maintains shape, and
prevents dehydration; Gram positive (G+) thick layer and Gram negative (G-) thin
layer
capsule - enables cell to attach to surfaces in its environment
, pili - exchange genetic material during conjugation (a type of reproduction)
fimbriae - used by bacteria to attach to a host cell
eukaryotic cells - have membrane-bound nucleus, numerous membrane-bound
organelles, and many rod-shaped chromosomes
plasma membrane - phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins separating
internal contents from surrounding environment; controls passage of organic
molecules,wastes, ions, water, and oxygen into and out of cell; form unique shape
for specific function
cytoplasm - entire region between plasma membrane and nuclear envelope made
up of organelles suspended in gel-like cytosol, the cytoskeleton, and various
chemicals; semi-solid consistency coming from proteins; 70-80% water; metabolic
reactions take place here
nucleus - houses cell's DNA and directs synthesis of ribosomes and protein; stores
chromatin
nuclear envelope - double-membrane structure (phospholipid bilayers) that
constitutes the outermost portion of the nucleus' punctuated with pores that
control passage of ions, molecules, and RNA between nucleoplasm and cytoplasm
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