Trepanation - Cutting a hole in the skull to "release the evil spirits"
Most common form of treatment up until the 18th century - Trephining
Hippocrates and Galen view of mental illness - Equated meal states with the four
humors
First person to denounce the torturous treatments in France - Phillipe Pinel
Emily Kraeplin's theory and contributions - Created a classification system for
mental illnesses (DSM). Also found a systemized way to diagnose schizophrenia,
but called it Dementia Praecox
Blueler's 4 A's - Association, affect, autism, and ambivalence
Major person to reform the treatment of mental illness the U.S. - Dorthea Dix
What was Lightner Witmer known for? - Founded psychology for the treatment of
mental illness. Advocated for a special category of providers, based on
psychological research rather than medical treatments. Advocated for research-
based treatments, and that the treatment providers should also be researchers
, Mesmer's technique for treatment - Developed techniques to Mesmerize his
patients and relieve symptoms through magnetic forces pulling out the "animal"
Kellogg and Graham's recommendations for psychological health - Sanitariums,
lifestyle changes, and limiting sexual expression and red meat
Who made the first classification system of mental illness? - Emil Kraeplin
Who first used hypnosis to treat hysteria? - Jean-Martin Charcot
Helmholtz's influence on Freudian theory - Studied the Conservation of Energy
with him and applied it to psychic energy. This led to his concept of repression
The cause of hysteria, according to Freud and Charcot - Sexual trauma. (Seduction
theory)
Breuer's contributions to Freudian theory - Treatments for hysteria such as talk
therapy, transference, and catharsis
Transference - Parental influence transfers from analysis
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