Exam (elaborations)
BIO 344 Exam 4 Questions answers latest update
- Course
- Bio 344
- Institution
- University Of Texas - Austin
BIO 344 Exam 4 Questions answers latest update
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BIO 344 Exam 4What are the differences between microtubules, intermediate filaments and actin
filaments? - Microtubules- largest, form highways
Intermediate filaments- strongest, elastic, hard to break
Actin filaments- thinnest, controls cell shape, under membrane
What is each type of filament made of? - Microtubules- tubulin heterodimer (α
and β tubulin)
Intermediate filaments- tetramers coiled around each other to make rope like
filament
Actin filaments- identical actin subunits
What are the functions of each type of filament? - Microtubules- cell highway;
forms transportation routes along which organelles, vesicles, and chromosomes
move
Intermediate filaments- strength; keeps individual cells together, keeps many cells
attached
Actin filaments- cell shape
Where in the cell would you find each type of filament? - Microtubules-
centrosomes
, Intermediate filaments- desmosomes
Actin filaments- underneath the cell membrane
Understand polymerization of actin and microtubules - Actin filaments- actin
subunit binds ATP to become apart of a growing actin filament. Once ATP is
bound to the subunit, it attaches to a filament, then the ATP will be hydrolyzed.
Microtubules- heterodimer binds GTP to become a part of a growing microtubule
filament. Once apart of the filament, GTP will become hydrolyzed.
*Study tip: actin binds atp and microtubules bind gtp*
What is the difference between the plus and the minus end of actin and
microtubules? - Both nucleated at their minus end, grow at their plus end
What are GTP caps? What types of filaments have these caps? - When end units
of microtubules are bound to GTP
GTP cap = microtubule grows
No GTP cap = microtubule shrinks
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