Exam (elaborations)
PLSC 117 - Everything On The Final Questions answers latest update
- Course
- PLSC 117
- Institution
- Yale University
PLSC 117 - Everything On The Final Questions answers latest update
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PLSC 117 - Everything On The FinalMercantilism - An economic doctrine based on a belief that military power and
economic influence complemented each other; applied especially to colonial
empires in the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries. Mercantilist policies
favored the mother country over its colonies and over its competitors.
Peace of Westphalia - The settlement that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648;
often said to have created the modern state system because it included a general
recognition of the principles of sovereignty and nonintervention.
Hegemony - The predominance of one nation-state over others.
Pax Britannica - "British Peace," a century-long period, beginning with Napoleon's
defeat at Waterloo in 1815 and ending with the outbreak of World War I in 1914,
during which Britain's economic and diplomatic influence contributed to
economic openness and relative peace.
Gold standard - The monetary system that prevailed between about 1870 and
1914, in which countries tied their currencies to gold at a legally fixed price.
Treaty of Versailles - The peace treaty between the Allies and Germany that
formally ended World War I on June 28, 1919.
,League of Nations - A collective security organization founded in 1919 after World
War I. The League ended in 1946 and was replaced by the United Nations.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) - An alliance formed in 1949 among
the United States, Canada, and most of the states of Western Europe in response
to the threat posed by the Soviet Union. The alliance requires its members to
consider an attack on any one of them as an attack on all. Compare Warsaw Pact.
Bretton Woods System - The economic order negotiated among allied nations at
Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, in 1944, which led to a series of cooperative
arrangements involving a commitment to relatively low barriers to international
trade and investment.
Decolonization - The process of colonial possessions winning independence,
especially during the rapid end of the European empires in Africa, Asia, and the
Caribbean between the 1940s and the 1960s.
Sovereignty - The expectation that states have legal and political supremacy—or
ultimate authority—within their territorial boundaries.
National interests - Interests attributed to the state itself, usually security and
power.
Collective action problems - Obstacles to cooperation that occur when actors
have incentives to collaborate but each acts with the expectation that others will
pay the costs of cooperation.
, Free ride - To fail to contribute to a public good while benefiting from the
contributions of others.
Iteration - Repeated interactions with the same partners.
Linkage - The linking of cooperation on one issue to interactions on a second
issue.
Power - The ability of Actor A to get Actor B to do something that B would
otherwise not do; the ability to get the other side to make concessions and to
avoid having to make concessions oneself.
Collaboration - A type of cooperative interaction in which actors gain from
working together but nonetheless have incentives not to comply with any
agreement. Compare coordination.
Coordination - A type of cooperative interaction in which actors benefit from all
making the same choices and subsequently have no incentive not to comply.
Compare collaboration.
Coercion - A strategy of imposing or threatening to impose costs on other actors
in order to induce a change in their behavior.
Outside options - The alternatives to bargaining with a specific actor.
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