MICRO EXAM 4 UTA – PARKS QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
active carriers Correct Answers -infected host transmits during
incubation or convalescence
-asymptomatic: active carrier without symptoms; early HIV,
typhoid Mary aka Mary Mallon
-transmission before/after fever
active carriers Correct Answers -infected host transmits during
incubation or convalescence
-asymptomatic: active carrier without symptoms; early HIV,
typhoid Mary aka Mary Mallon
-transmission before/after fever
acute disease Correct Answers -relatively short
-hours, days, week
acute disease Correct Answers -relatively short
-hours, days, week
acute vs. chronic disease Correct Answers -illness period can
be variable
-acute disease
-chronic disease
-latent disease
acute vs. chronic disease Correct Answers -illness period can
be variable
-acute disease
-chronic disease
,-latent disease
adhesion stage of pathogencity Correct Answers -pathogens
have varying capability of colonization
-adhesion factors: *adhesins- molecules/structures that bind to
certain host receptors *biofilm- production of community
glycocalyx
adhesion stage of pathogencity Correct Answers -pathogens
have varying capability of colonization
-adhesion factors: *adhesins- molecules/structures that bind to
certain host receptors *biofilm- production of community
glycocalyx
analytical observational type of epidemiological studies Correct
Answers -selects groups to evaluate hypothesis
-can be: retrospective and prospective
-retrospective: data from past groups
-prospective: data from current subjects moving forward
analytical observational type of epidemiological studies Correct
Answers -selects groups to evaluate hypothesis
-can be: retrospective and prospective
-retrospective: data from past groups
-prospective: data from current subjects moving forward
application of epidemiology Correct Answers -Joseph Lister -
used epidemiology data of handwashing for better healthcare
practices; used carbolic acid (phenol) to disinfect hands, tools,
bandages, etc.; removed his coat, rolled up sleeves, etc. as
precaution to not introduce sources of infection
,application of epidemiology Correct Answers -Joseph Lister -
used epidemiology data of handwashing for better healthcare
practices; used carbolic acid (phenol) to disinfect hands, tools,
bandages, etc.; removed his coat, rolled up sleeves, etc. as
precaution to not introduce sources of infection
approaches to group-based analytical studies Correct Answers
-cohort method: examines individuals who share a particular
characteristic; prospective or retrospective
-case-control: compares groups with disease to group without;
commonly retrospective
-cross-sectional: group is randomly selected, compares disease
and no disease at a point in time; looks for associations of
measurable variables (s) and the disease
approaches to group-based analytical studies Correct Answers
-cohort method: examines individuals who share a particular
characteristic; prospective or retrospective
-case-control: compares groups with disease to group without;
commonly retrospective
-cross-sectional: group is randomly selected, compares disease
and no disease at a point in time; looks for associations of
measurable variables (s) and the disease
biological transmission Correct Answers -pathogen reproduces
in vector that transmits pathogen from one host to another
-biological vector: mosquitoes that pick up West Nile
biological transmission Correct Answers -pathogen reproduces
in vector that transmits pathogen from one host to another
, -biological vector: mosquitoes that pick up West Nile
characteristics of infectious disease Correct Answers -disease
-infection
-signs and symptoms
-syndrome
-signs and symptoms help direct towards diagnosis
-some patients are asymptomatic/subclinical = only signs can be
observed thru correct testing
*ex: patient w/herpes and no symptoms
characteristics of infectious disease Correct Answers -disease
-infection
-signs and symptoms
-syndrome
-signs and symptoms help direct towards diagnosis
-some patients are asymptomatic/subclinical = only signs can be
observed thru correct testing
*ex: patient w/herpes and no symptoms
chronic disease Correct Answers -longer time
-month, years, lifetime
chronic disease Correct Answers -longer time
-month, years, lifetime
classification of disease Correct Answers -WHO's
international classification of diseases (IDC) is used globally to
classify and monitor diseases
-diseases can be: infectious, communicable, iatrogenic,
nosocomial, zoonotic, non-communicable, and non-infectious
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