Describe the role of the centromere in mitosis - ANS 1. Holds chromatids together
2. Attaches chromatids to the spindle
3. Allows chromatids to be separated
Homologous chromosomes carry the same genes but they are not genetically identical. Explain why. - ANS Homologous chromos...
Mitosis and the cell cycle Exam
Questions And Answers
Describe the role of the centromere in mitosis - ANS 1. Holds chromatids together
2. Attaches chromatids to the spindle
3. Allows chromatids to be separated
Homologous chromosomes carry the same genes but they are not genetically identical. Explain
why. - ANS Homologous chromosomes carry different alleles
Figure 2 shows three pairs of homologous chromosomes in a cell at the end of cell division.
How does the appearance differ to a pair of homologous chromosomes. - ANS 1.
Chromatids have not separated/replicated
Mitosis is important in the life of an organism. Give two reasons why. - ANS 1. Growth -
increase in cell number
2. Replace cells - repairing tissue/organs
3. Asexual reproduction
Explain why the biologist chose to examine 200 cells. - ANS 1. Ensures representative
sample
2. Maximises chances of seeing cells that are dividing
If the DNA of the cell is damaged, a protein called p53 stops the cell cycle. Mutation in the gene
for p53 could causes cancer to develop. Explain how. - ANS 1. Cancer cells often have
faulty/damaged DNA
2. Protein p53 faulty/not made
3. Cell with faulty/not made DNA divides
4. Uncontrolled division produces cancer
Drugs are used to treat cancer. At what phase in the cell cycle would each of the following drugs
act?
i) A drug that prevents DNA replication
ii) A drug that prevents spindle fibres shortening - ANS i) interphase
ii) anaphase
In prophase of mitosis, the chromosomes become visible. Describe what happens in
i) metaphase
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