Beliefs - ️️Involve what people perceive to be true
Attitudes - ️️1. Learned predisposition to respond in a favorable or unfavorable
manner with respect to a given object
2. The enduring positive or negative feelings about people, objects, or issues
Behaviors - ️️Any observable or m...
RST 230 Exam 1 Study Guide
Beliefs - ✔️✔️Involve what people perceive to be true
Attitudes - ✔️✔️1. Learned predisposition to respond in a favorable or unfavorable
manner with respect to a given object
2. The enduring positive or negative feelings about people, objects, or issues
Behaviors - ✔️✔️Any observable or measurable act, response or movements by
individual, not the feelings but the acts
Stereotypes - ✔️✔️1. Can be either positive or negative
2. A standardized mental picture held in common by members of a group that
represents an oversimplified opinion, attitude or judgement
Prejudice - ✔️✔️1. A negative attitude toward a socially defined group and toward any
person received to be a member of that group
2. A preconceived opinion or attitude which is formed without due consideration of the
facts
3. It is not based on scientific proof or rational thought process
Discrimination - ✔️✔️1. The translation into consequential behavior or prejudicial
beliefs
2. Discrimination occurs when the object of prejudice is placed at some disadvantage
not merited by his own misconduct
3. Actions or practices carried out by members of dominant racial or ethnic groups that
have a differential and negative impact on members of subordinate racial or ethnic
group
4. Horizontal discrimination: Discriminations between the minorities. Ex, Black
discriminates Hispanic
Core and Secondary Dimensions of diversity - ✔️✔️1. Core dimensions: Traits or
characteristics that people are born with and are difficult to change, such as Sexual
identity, age, race, mother tongue
2. Secondary dimension: Traits or characteristics that were not born with and are easy
to change such as Social class, religion
Needs and barriers experienced by multicultural customers - ✔️✔️1. Consumer
Racism: Receiving substandard service because of the race
2. Products and Policies: Not have been developed for multicultural customers in mind
, 3. Employees who are not at ease, and are frustrated and impatient to multicultural
customers
Inclusion (what is inclusion, barriers to and benefits of inclusion) - AR and class notes -
✔️✔️1. Its is a way of being with others that is welcoming, respectful, and values
experience, knowledge and abilities of others
2. Benefits of inclusion: Everyone gets equal access to services and products
3. Barriers of inclusion: Negative and stereotypes, psychological barriers,
communication barriers, transportation, economic problems, physical/structure
problems, safety
antecedents of beliefs - ✔️✔️1. The conditions that set the stage for beliefs to develop
2. Ex, governments, parents, social media
Theories of discrimination - ✔️✔️1. Displacement/scapegoat:
People displace their frustrating feelings toward other individuals who are not in the
position to retaliate
2. authoritarian personality:
a) Prejudice is a form of psychopathology resulting from personality orientations
developed in childhood
b) The authoritarian personalities people rigidly conform to conventional values and see
moral values as clear cut, either right or wrong
3. categorization and stereotyping:
People categorize others into outgroup and ingroup, and they treat outgroup people
badly
4. socialization and conformity:
Children and adolescence acquire prejudice from their parents, teachers, peers, and the
mass media along with other norms and values
5. perceived racial threat (self-interest):
Individuals develop prejudicial attitude toward others who they perceive pose a threat to
their economic, cultural, political, and social position. Impact on the whole environment,
not several cases
6. contact theory:
People develop prejudice toward those they don't know-lack of equal status contact
7. realistic conflict:
Whenever there are two or more groups seeking for the same limited resources, this will
lead to conflict, negative stereotypes and beliefs
Segregation - what it is and possible consequences - ✔️✔️1. Segregation or
separation of a group or an individual in a restricted area by discriminatory means
2. Results in members of the group, or individuals receiving treatments that are different
from other people
3. Form of discrimination
4. Separate water fountains, seats on the bus, and schools
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